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2 years ago

State the two laws of chemical combination.

Chemistry

1 answer:

larisa86 [58]2 years ago

4 0

Law of Conservation of Mass. In simple terms, this law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed.
Law of Definite Proportions.
Law of Multiple Proportions.
Gay Lussac's Law of Gaseous Volumes
Avogadro's Law.

Brainliest me dear :)

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In thermodynamics, we determine the spontaneity of a reaction by the sign of ΔG. In electrochemistry, spontaneity is determined

faltersainse [42]

Answer:

For A: The standard cell potential of the reaction is 4.4 V

For B: The standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction is $-8.50\times 10^5J$

For C: The reaction is spontaneous as written.

Explanation:

For A:

The given chemical reaction follows:

$2Li(s)+Cl_2(g)\rightarrow 2Li^+(aq.)+2Cl^-(aq.)$

The given half reaction follows:

Oxidation half reaction: $Li(s)\rightarrow Li^+(aq.)+e^-;E^o_{Li^+/Li}=-3.04V$ ( × 2)

Reduction half reaction: $Cl_2(g)+2e^-\rightarrow 2Cl^-(aq.);E^o_{Cl_2/2Cl^-}=+1.36V$

The substance having highest positive $E^o$ potential will always get reduced and will undergo reduction reaction.

Here, chlorine will undergo reduction reaction will get reduced.

Substance getting oxidized always act as anode and the one getting reduced always act as cathode.

To calculate the $E^o_{cell}$ of the reaction, we use the equation:

$E^o_{cell}=E^o_{cathode}-E^o_{anode}$

$E^o_{cell}=1.36-(-3.04)=4.4V$

Hence, the standard cell potential of the reaction is 4.4 V

For B:

Relationship between standard Gibbs free energy and standard electrode potential follows:

$\Delta G^o=-nFE^o_{cell}$

where,

n = number of electrons transferred = $2mol\text{ e}^-$

F = Faradays constant = $96500J/V.mol\text{ e}^-$

$E^o_{cell}$ = standard cell potential = 4.4 V

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$\Delta G^o=-2\times 96500\times 4.4=-849200J=-8.50\times 10^5J$

Hence, the standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction is $-8.50\times 10^5J$

For C:

For a reaction to be spontaneous, the standard Gibbs free energy change of the reaction must be negative.

From above, the standard Gibbs free energy change of the reaction is coming out to be negative.

Hence, the reaction is spontaneous as written.

7 0

4 years ago

From the list below, choose which groups are part of the periodic table. metals acids flammable gases nonmetals semimetals ores

iris [78.8K]

The periodic table of the elements are describe the electronic configuration of the elements on which the properties of the elements depends. Among the given groups only metal, non-metal and semi-metal group are the part of periodic table. The metallic property depends upon the binding energy of the electrons with the nucleus. Thus the elements which have the valence electrons more near to the nucleus that is s-block elements are more metallic in nature. On the other hand the elements which have the valence electrons far from the nucleus are more non-metallic in nature like p-block elements. However the binding energy or the attraction of the outermost electrons to the nucleus depends not only its valence electrons position but also some other factors like shielding effect, effective nuclear charge etc.

The elements which are in between the metals and non-metals can be classified as semi-metals.

Although the conductivity of a material is an inherent property of the metals but sometime the nonmetals or semi-metals are also behave like a conductor due to presence of the other elements, thus it cannot be a p[property of the periodic table. Similarly acidity, flammable gases are not part of the periodic table.

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Which of the following happens when solid sodium chloride dissolves in water?A.The attractive forces between water and the sodiu

grin007 [14]

Answer: option D. The attractive forces between the sodium and chloride ions are overcome by the attractive forces between the water and the sodium and chloride ions.

Explanation:

Solid sodium chloride (NaCl) is a ionic compound formed by ionic bonds between by the positive, metallic cations of sodium atom, Na⁺, and the negative, non-meatllic anions of chlorine atom, Cl⁻ (chloride).

Ionic bonds, then, are the electrostatic attracion between oppositely charged particles (cations and anions).

When solid sodium chloride dissolves in water, the ions (cations and anions) are separated in the solvent (water) due to the superior attracitve forces between such ions and the polar water molecules.

Water (H₂O) is a molecule, formed by polar covalent bonds between two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

The polarity of water molecule is due to the fact that oxygen atoms are more electronegative than hydrogen atoms, which cause that the electron density is closer to oxygen nuclei than to hydrogen nuclei. This asymmetry in the electron density conferes a partial positive charge over each hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge over the oxygen atoms.

Thus, the positively charged hydrogen atoms attract and surround the negative chloride (Cl⁻) anions, while the negatively charged oxygen atoms attract and surround the positive sodium (Na⁺) cations. It is only because the attractive forces between the water and the sodium and chloride ions are stronger than the attractive forces between the sodiium and chloride ions that such ions may be kept separated in the solution. This process is called solvation and the ions are said to be solvated by the water molecules.

7 0

3 years ago

Alexis was interested in the way mirrors reflect. The living room of Alexis' house had one big window in the front, and a very l

Phoenix [80]

It will only be valuable if proved correct so it's D

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

How many atoms of iodine are in 12.75g of CaI2? Hint. How many Iodines are there in one CaI2 particle?

xenn [34]

Answer:

$5.225x10^{22}atoms\ I$

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, since 12.75 g of calcium iodide has the following number of moles (molar mass = 293.89 g/mol):

$n_{CaI_2}=12.75gCaI_2*\frac{1molCaI_2}{293.89gCaI_2}=0.0434molCaI_2$

In such a way, since 1 mole of calcium iodide contains 2 moles of atoms of iodine, and one mole of atoms of iodine contains 6.022x10²³ atoms (Avogadro's number), we compute the resulting atoms as shown below:

$atoms\ I=0.0434molCaI_2*\frac{2molI}{1molCaI_2} *\frac{6.022x10^{23}atoms\ I}{1molI} \\\\atoms\ I = 5.225x10^{22}atoms\ I$

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4 0

3 years ago

State the two laws of chemical combination.​

State the two laws of chemical combination.