A scientific law is a statement that is universally accepted and answers the "how?" question.
Hope this helps!
Alpha particles are relatively heave and can be stopped by a sheet of paper.
Non metals and metollids in periodic tables are the same how this helps ;)
It is a trial aimed to reduce bias during an experiment. An example would be a sugar pill, something that has no real effect so that the results of the true trial can accurately be compared. Its like a control group.