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2 years ago

Increase vehicle control through lane position and speed adjustments is not necessary risk management, just common sense.

Engineering

1 answer:

Vesnalui [34]2 years ago

6 0

True

If it was wrong I’m sorry

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A four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine has a bore of 3.7 in. and a stroke of 3.4 in. The clearance volume is 16

Bad White [126]

Answer:

the net work per cycle $\mathbf{W_{net} = 0.777593696}$ Btu per cycle

the power developed by the engine, W = 88.0144746 hp

Explanation:

the information given includes;

diameter of the four-cylinder bore = 3.7 in

length of the stroke = 3.4 in

The clearance volume = 16% = 0.16

The cylindrical volume $V_2 = 0.16 V_1$

the crankshaft N rotates at a speed of 2400 RPM.

At the beginning of the compression , temperature $T_1$ = 60 F = 519.67 R

and;

Otto cycle with a pressure = 14.5 lbf/in² = (14.5 × 144 ) lb/ft²

= 2088 lb/ft²

The maximum temperature in the cycle is 5200 R

From the given information; the change in volume is:

$V_1-V_2 = \dfrac{\pi}{4}D^2L$

$V_1-0.16V_1= \dfrac{\pi}{4}(3.7)^2(3.4)$

$V_1-0.16V_1= 36.55714291$

$0.84 V_1 =36.55714291$

$V_1 =\dfrac{36.55714291}{0.84 }$

$V_1 =43.52040823 \ in^3 \\ \\ V_1 = 43.52 \ in^3$

$V_1 = 0.02518 \ ft^3$

the mass in air ( lb) can be determined by using the formula:

$m = \dfrac{P_1V_1}{RT}$

where;

R = 53.3533 ft.lbf/lb.R°

$m = \dfrac{2088 \ lb/ft^2 \times 0.02518 \ ft^3}{53.3533 \ ft .lbf/lb.^0R \times 519 .67 ^0 R}$

m = 0.0018962 lb

From the tables of ideal gas properties at Temperature 519.67 R

$v_{r1} =158.58$

$u_1 = 88.62 Btu/lb$

At state of volume 2; the relative volume can be determined as:

$v_{r2} = v_{r1} \times \dfrac{V_2}{V_1}$

$v_{r2} = 158.58 \times 0.16$

$v_{r2} = 25.3728$

The specific energy $u_2$ at $v_{r2} = 25.3728$ is 184.7 Btu/lb

From the tables of ideal gas properties at maximum Temperature T = 5200 R

$v_{r3} = 0.1828$

$u_3 = 1098 \ Btu/lb$

To determine the relative volume at state 4; we have:

$v_{r4} = v_{r3} \times \dfrac{V_1}{V_2}$

$v_{r4} =0.1828 \times \dfrac{1}{0.16}$

$v_{r4} =1.1425$

The specific energy $u_4$ at $v_{r4} =1.1425$ is 591.84 Btu/lb

Now; the net work per cycle can now be calculated as by using the following formula:

$W_{net} = Heat \ supplied - Heat \ rejected$

$W_{net} = m(u_3-u_2)-m(u_4 - u_1)$

$W_{net} = m(u_3-u_2- u_4 + u_1)$

$W_{net} = m(1098-184.7- 591.84 + 88.62)$

$W_{net} = 0.0018962 \times (1098-184.7- 591.84 + 88.62)$

$W_{net} = 0.0018962 \times (410.08)$

$\mathbf{W_{net} = 0.777593696}$ Btu per cycle

the power developed by the engine, in horsepower. can be calculated as follows;

In the four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine; the power developed by the engine can be calculated by using the expression:

$W = 4 \times N' \times W_{net$

where ;

$N' = \dfrac{2400}{2}$

N' = 1200 cycles/min

N' = 1200 cycles/60 seconds

N' = 20 cycles/sec

W = 4 × 20 cycles/sec × 0.777593696

W = 62.20749568 Btu/s

W = 88.0144746 hp

8 0

2 years ago

The ???? − i relationship for an electromagnetic system is given by ???? = 1.2i1/2 g where g is the air-gap length. For current

Artemon [7]

Answer:

a) The mechanical force is -226.2 N

b) Using the coenergy the mechanical force is -226.2 N

Explanation:

a) Energy of the system:

$\lambda =\frac{1.2*i^{1/2} }{g} \\i=(\frac{\lambda g}{1.2} )^{2}$

$\frac{\delta w_{f} }{\delta g} =\frac{g^{2}\lambda ^{3} }{3*1.2^{2} }$

$f_{m}=- \frac{\delta w_{f} }{\delta g} =-\frac{g^{2}\lambda ^{3} }{3*1.2^{2} }$

If i = 2A and g = 10 cm

$\lambda =\frac{1.2*i^{1/2} }{g} =\frac{1.2*2^{1/2} }{10x10^{-2} } =16.97$

$f_{m}=-\frac{g^{2}\lambda ^{3} }{3*1.2^{2} }=-\frac{16.97^{3}*2*0.1 }{3*1.2^{2} } =-226.2N$

b) Using the coenergy of the system:

$f_{m}=- \frac{\delta w_{f} }{\delta g} =-\frac{1.2*2*i^{3/2} }{3*g^{2} }=-\frac{1.2*2*2^{3/2} }{3*0.1^{2} } =-226.2N$

8 0

2 years ago

provides steady-state operating data for a solar power plant that operates on a Rankine cycle with Refrigerant 134a as its worki

Vaselesa [24]

Answer:

hello some parts of your question is missing attached below is the missing part ( the required fig and table )

answer : The solar collector surface area = 7133 m^2

Explanation:

Given data :

Rate of energy input to the collectors from solar radiation = 0.3 kW/m^2

percentage of solar power absorbed by refrigerant = 60%

Determine the solar collector surface area

The solar collector surface area = 7133 m^2

attached below is a detailed solution of the problem

8 0

2 years ago

Consider a resistor made of pure silicon with a cross-sectional area pf 0.5 μm2, and a length of 50 μm. What is the resistance o

lukranit [14]

Answer: 24 pA

Explanation:

As pure silicon is a semiconductor, the resistivity value is strongly dependent of temperature, as the main responsible for conductivity, the number of charge carriers (both electrons and holes) does.

Based on these considerations, we found that at room temperature, pure silicon resistivity can be approximated as 2.1. 10⁵ Ω cm.

The resistance R of a given resistor, is expressed by the following formula:

R = ρ L / A

Replacing by the values for resistivity, L and A, we have

R = 2.1. 10⁵ Ω cm. (10⁴ μm/cm). 50 μm/ 0.5 μm2

R = 2.1. 10¹¹ Ω

Assuming that we can apply Ohm´s Law, the current that would pass through this resistor for an applied voltage of 5 V, is as follows:

I = V/R = 5 V / 2.1.10¹¹ Ω = 2.38. 10⁻¹¹ A= 24 pA

7 0

2 years ago

Determine how much concrete you will need for a slab which is 50 feet by 30 feet wide and 1 foot thick

Levart [38]

Answer:

Amount of concrete need to make slab = 1,500 feet³

Explanation:

Given:

Length of slab = 50 feet

Width of slab = 30 feet

Height of slab = 1 feet

Find:

Amount of concrete need to make slab

Computation;

Amount of concrete need to make slab = Volume of cuboid

Volume of cuboid = (l)(b)(h)

Amount of concrete need to make slab = (50)(30)(1)

Amount of concrete need to make slab = 1,500 feet³

6 0

2 years ago