Question

Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react to produce water and sodium chloride in endothermic reaction. Which statement must be true of the reaction?
A. more bond energy is absorbed on the reactants side than is released on the products side.

B. The energy of each bond in water and sodium chloride is greater than the energy of each bond in hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide

C. The bond energy used to break the bonds in hydrochloric acid in the sodium hydroxide is less than the energy released to from the bonds in water and sodium chloride.

D. The total energy of wster and sodium chloride is greater than the total bond energy of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. ​

Answer 1

In the endothermic reaction, the total energy of water and sodium chloride is greater than the total bond energy of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.

Endothermic reactions are reactions in which heat energy is absorbed during the reaction. The formation of products by the reactants requires addition of heat because the energy required to form the bond in the products is greater than the energy released when reactant bond are broken.

Thus, in an endothermic reaction, the total bond energy of the products are greater than the bond energy of the reactants.

The properties of endothermic reactions include:

• Heat is absorbed by the system from the surroundings

• The entropy of the surrounding decreases (ΔS <0)

• Enthalpy change (ΔH) is positive

Examples of endothermic reactions include;

1. Cooking of food
2. Dissolution of ammonium chloride in water

The reaction between acids and bases to form salt and water known as neutralization reactions are usually exothermic in nature.

However, if a given reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to produce water and sodium chloride is endothermic as in the question, the total energy of water and sodium chloride is greater than the total bond energy of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. ​

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