Answer:
111.5 m
Explanation:
Given that You are driving to the grocery store at 14 m/s. You are 115 m from an intersection when the traffic light turns red. Assume that your reaction time is 0.50 s and that your car brakes with constant acceleration.
Use first equation of motion
V = U - at
Since the car is going to rest, V = 0 and a = negative
0 = 14 - a × 0.5
0.5a = 14
a = 14 /0.5
a = 28 m/s^2
Let us use second equation of motion
S = Ut - 1/2at^2
S = 14 × 0.5 - 0.5 × 28 × 0.5^2
S = 7 - 3.5
S = 3.5 m
115 - 3.5 = 111.5
Therefore, you are 111.5 metres from the intersection (in m) when you begin to apply the brakes.
Answer:
ΔU = - 310.6 J (negative sign indicates decrease in internal energy)
W = 810.6 J
Explanation:
a.
Using first law of thermodynamics:
Q = ΔU + W
where,
Q = Heat Absorbed = 500 J
ΔU = Change in Internal Energy of Gas = ?
W = Work Done = PΔV =
P = Pressure = 2 atm = 202650 Pa
ΔV = Change in Volume = 10 L - 6 L = 4 L = 0.004 m³
Therefore,
Q = ΔU + PΔV
500 J = ΔU + (202650 Pa)(0.004 m³)
ΔU = 500 J - 810.6 J
<u>ΔU = - 310.6 J (negative sign indicates decrease in internal energy)</u>
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b.
The work done can be simply calculated as:
W = PΔV
W = (202650 Pa)(0.004 m³)
<u>W = 810.6 J</u>
Answer:
c.an extinct oceanic hot-spot volcano that has subsided below sea level
Explanation:
- Marine geology defines a guyot as an isolated underwater volcanic mountain with a flat top more than 200m below the surface of the sea.
-The flat top is due to years of wave erosion.
-Guyots can form a chain of seamounts as the ocean plate of the Earth's crust moves slowly over a hot spot that remains stationary beneath the plate.
Answer:
No temperature change occurs from heat transfer if ice melts and becomes liquid water (i.e., during a phase change). For example, consider water dripping from icicles melting on a roof warmed by the Sun. Conversely, water freezes in an ice tray cooled by lower-temperature surroundings.
Explanation:
Energy is required to melt a solid because the cohesive bonds between the molecules in the solid must be broken apart such that, in the liquid, the molecules can move around at comparable kinetic energies; thus, there is no rise in temperature. Similarly, energy is needed to vaporize a liquid, because molecules in a liquid interact with each other via attractive forces. There is no temperature change until a phase change is complete. The temperature of a cup of soda initially at 0ºC stays at 0ºC until all the ice has melted. Conversely, energy is released during freezing and condensation, usually in the form of thermal energy. Work is done by cohesive forces when molecules are brought together. The corresponding energy must be given off (dissipated) to allow them to stay together Figure 2.
The energy involved in a phase change depends on two major factors: the number and strength of bonds or force pairs. The number of bonds is proportional to the number of molecules and thus to the mass of the sample. The strength of forces depends on the type of molecules. The heat Q required to change the phase of a sample of mass m is given by
Q = mLf (melting/freezing,
Q = mLv (vaporization/condensation),
where the latent heat of fusion, Lf, and latent heat of vaporization, Lv, are material constants that are determined experimentally.
