Which of the following laws best define this statement? the total amount of energy in a closed system stays the same.
1 answer:
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Answer:
Explanation:
Since the package remains in contact with the car's seat, the package's speed is equal to the car's speed. At the top on the mountain the package's centripetal force must be equal to its weight:
The centripetal force is defined as:
Here v is the linear speed of the object and r is the radius of curvature. We need to convert the linear speed to :
Now, we calculate r:
The key to solve this problem is the conservation of momentum. The momentum of an object is defined as the product between the mass and the velocity, and it's usually labelled with the letter :
The total momentum is the sum of the momentums. The initial situation is the following:
(it's not written explicitly, but I assume that the 5-kg object is still at the beginning).
So, at the beginning, the total momentum is
At the end, we have
(the mass obviously don't change, the new velocity of the 15-kg object is 1, and the velocity of the 5-kg object is unkown)
After the impact, the total momentum is
Since the momentum is preserved, the initial and final momentum must be the same. Set an equation between the initial and final momentum and solve it for , and you'll have the final velocity of the 5-kg object.