Answer is: D. Na2SO4.
b(solution) = 0.500 mol ÷ 2.0 L.
b(solution) = 0.250 mol/L.
b(solution) = 0.250 m; molality of the solutions.
ΔT = Kf · b(solution) · i.
Kf - the freezing point depression constant.
i - Van 't Hoff factor.
Dissociation of sodium sulfate in water: Na₂SO₄(aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq).
Sodium sulfate dissociates on sodium cations and sulfate anion, sodium sulfate has approximately i = 3.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium iodide (KI) have Van 't Hoff factor approximately i = 2.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) has covalent bonds (i = 1, do not dissociate on ions).
Because molality and the freezing point depression constant are constant, greatest freezing point lowering is solution with highest Van 't Hoff factor.
A buffer is a solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components. It is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution relatively stable. This is important for processes and/or reactions which require specific and stable pH ranges. Buffer solutions have a working pH range and capacity which dictate how much acid/base can be neutralized before pH changes, and the amount by which it will change.
Answer:
false. acids do not neutralize bases.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
The absorbed sunlight drives photosynthesis, fuels evaporation, melts snow and ice, and warms the Earth system. Solar power drives Earth's climate. Energy from the Sun heats the surface, warms the atmosphere, and powers the ocean currents.
Answer:
The reaction rate becomes quadruple.
Explanation:
According to the law of mass action:-
The rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the active concentration of the reactant which each are raised to the experimentally determined coefficients which are known as orders. The rate is determined by the slowest step in the reaction mechanics.
Order of in the mass action law is the coefficient which is raised to the active concentration of the reactants. It is experimentally determined and can be zero, positive negative or fractional.
The order of the whole reaction is the sum of the order of each reactant which is raised to its power in the rate law.
Thus,
Given that:- The rate law is:-
![r=k[A_2][B_2]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=r%3Dk%5BA_2%5D%5BB_2%5D)
Now, ![[A'_2]=2[A_2]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BA%27_2%5D%3D2%5BA_2%5D)
and ![[B'_2]=2[B_2]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BB%27_2%5D%3D2%5BB_2%5D)
So, ![r'=k[A'_2][B'_2]=k\times 2[A_2]\times 2[B_2]=4\times k[A_2][B_2]=4r](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=r%27%3Dk%5BA%27_2%5D%5BB%27_2%5D%3Dk%5Ctimes%202%5BA_2%5D%5Ctimes%202%5BB_2%5D%3D4%5Ctimes%20k%5BA_2%5D%5BB_2%5D%3D4r)
<u>The reaction rate becomes quadruple.</u>
