Answer:
See detailed answer with explanation below.
Explanation:
Valence electrons are electrons found on the outermost shell of an atom. They are the electrons in an atom that participate in chemical combination. Recall that the outermost shell of an atom is also referred to as its valence shell. Let us consider an example; if we look at the atom, sodium-11, its electronic configuration is 2,8,1. The last one electron is the valence electron of sodium which is found in its outermost or valence shell.
Positive ions are formed when electrons are lost from the valence shell of an atom. For instance, if the outermost electron in sodium is lost, we now form the sodium ion Na^+ which is a positive ion. Positive ions possess less number of electrons compared to their corresponding atoms.
Negative ions are formed when one or more electrons is added to the valence shell of an atom. A negative ion possesses more electrons than its corresponding atom. For example, chlorine(Cl) contains 17 electrons but the chloride ion (Cl^-) contains 18 electrons.
In molecular compounds, a bond is formed when two electrons are shared between the bonding atoms. Each bonding atom may contribute one of the shared electrons (ordinary covalent bond) or one of the bonding atoms may provide the both shared electrons (coordinate covalent bond). The shared pair may be located at an equidistant position to the nucleus of both atoms. Similarly, the electron may be drawn closer to the nucleus of one atom than the other (polar covalent bond) depending on the electro negativity of the two bonding atoms.
The electrons are shared in order to complete the octet of each atom by so doing, the both bonding atoms now obey the octet rule. For example, two chlorine atoms may come together to form a covalent bond in which each chlorine atom has an octet of electrons on its outermost shell.
10 grams of cocaine helps chalk to grow and the mass was increase a way lot more
D. a and b because same-charged particles repel each other
We can predict formula of ionic compounds by:
- Take a look at where the elements are listed on the periodic table.
- The amount of electrons that an element would need to gain or lose in order to resemble an atom of a nearby noble gas is one of the similarities that atoms in the same column as one another (group) tend to display.
- Alkali metal group I ions have +1 charges.
- Alkaline earth metals (group 2 ions) have a +2 charge.
- Nonmetal group 6 ions have a charge of -2.
- Halides in group 7 have a -1 charge.
- The charges of the transition metals cannot be predicted in a straightforward manner.
- Check out a table of charges (valences) to see potential values. The +1, +2, and +3 charges are most frequently employed in beginning and general chemistry courses.
- Keep in mind that the positive ion is always stated first when writing an ionic compound's formula.
These are the few guidelines we can use to product formula.
Learn more about ionic compounds here:
brainly.com/question/2687188
#SPJ9
