Answer: the average velocity decreases
Explanation:
From the provided data we have:
Vessel avg. diameter[mm] number
Aorta 25.0 1
Arteries 4.0 159
Arteioles 0.06 1.4*10^7
Capillaries 0.012 2.9*10^9
from the information, let 
be the mass flow rate, 
is density, n number of vessels, and A is the cross-section area for each vessel
the flow rate is constant so it is equal for all vessels,
The average velocity is related to the flow rate by:
we clear the side where v is in:
area is π*R^2 where R is the average radius of the vessel (diameter/2)
we get:
you can directly see in the last equation that if we go from the aorta to the capillaries, the number of vessels is going to increase ( n will increase and R is going to decrease ) . From the table, R is significantly smaller in magnitude orders than n, therefore, it wont impact the results as much as n. On the other hand, n will change from 1 to 2.9 giga vessels which will dramatically reduce the average blood velocity
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The maximum shear stress in the tube when the power is transmitted through a 4: 1 gearing is 28.98 MPa.
<h3>What is power?</h3>
Power is the energy transferred per unit time.
Torque is find out by
P = 2πNT/60
10000 = 2π x 2000 x T / 60
T =47.74 N.m
The gear ratio Ne / Ns =4/1
Ns =2000/4 = 500
Ts =Ps x 60/(2π x 500)
Ts =190.96 N.m
Maximum shear stress τ = 16/π x (T / (d₀⁴ - d₁⁴))
τ max =T/J x D/2
where d₁ = 30mm = 0.03 m
d₀ = 30 +(2x 4) = 38mm =0.038 m
Substitute the values into the equation, we get
τ max = 16 x 190.96 x 0.038 /π x (0.038⁴ - 0.03⁴)
τ max = 28.98 MPa.
Thus, the maximum shear stress in the tube is 28.98 MPa.
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