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Jet001 [13]
1 year ago
13

Why are intermolecular forces generally much weaker than bonding forces?.

Chemistry
1 answer:
swat321 year ago
6 0

Explanation:

<em><u>Intermolecular forces:</u></em> These are the attractive or repulsive forces acting between two molecule in interaction.

The attractive forces between molecules are of several types based on the interaction between molecules also known as Vander wall forces.

<em><u>Bonding forces:</u></em> They are also attractive forces acting between two constituents (atom, ion, radicals etc) and stabilizes the constituent particles by loss of energy. The bond between any two species are formed by the overlapping of corresponding orbitals.

Whenever positive overlapping occurs between species, the formation of Bonding molecular orbital (BMO) takes place. and when electron enters into BMO it loses energy. Alternative form of explaining the concept is <em>Individual electron possess more energy than the electrons that paired or Bonded.</em>

Now coming to your question,

All the intermolecular forces are formed by weak attractive forces (vanderwall forces) which includes Ion-dipole forces, Ion-induced-dipole forces, Dipole-dipole forces, Dipole-induced-dipole forces, Hydrogen bonds & London forces.

All these forces are temporary and weak, and formed by the poles generated on molecule due to shift of electron, for e.g. Any molecule having more electron at one pole and less electron at another pole then that molecule start acting as charged body when that charged body comes in contact with opposite pole of another charged body the interaction takes place, since the electrons are dynamic and unsteady it's not possible that the pole will keep acting same as before. hence the intermolecular forces are generally weaker.

On the other side the Bonding electrons, are formed by the various strong overlapping such as between Head to Head overlapping leads to formation of Sigma bond which is the strongest bond takes alot of Energy to break & Lateral overlapping lead to formation of pi bond which is also stronger bond than that of Hydrogen bond.

<em><u>Thanks for joining brainly community!</u></em>

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The answer is:  " 1.75 * 10 ^(-10)  m " .
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Explanation: 
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This very question asked for "Question Number 3 (THREE) ONLY, which is fine!
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Given: " 0.000000000175 m " ;  write this in "scientific notation.
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Note:   After the "first zero and the decimal point" {Note: that first zero that PRECEDES the decimal point in merely a "placeholder" and does not count as a "digit" — for our purposes} —
                     There are NINE (9) zeros, followed by "175"
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To write in "scientific notation", we find the integer that is written, as well, as any "trailing zeros" (if there are any—and by "trailing zeros", this means any number consecutive zeros/and starting with "the consecutive zeros" only —whether forward (i.e., "zeros following"; or backward (i.e. "zeros preceding").

In our case we have "zeros preceding";  that is a decimal point with zeros PRECEDING an "integer expression"<span>
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We then take the "integer expression" (whatever it may be:  12, 5, 30000001 ; or could be a negative value,  etc.) ;  

→  In our case, the "integer expression" is:  "175" ;

and take the first digit (if the expression is negative, we take the negative value of that digit;  if there is only ONE digit (positive or negative), then that is the digit we take ;

And write a decimal point after that first digit (unless in some cases, there is only one digit);  and follow with the rest of the consecutive digits of that 'integer expression' ;

→ In our case:  "175" ; becomes:  " 1.75" .
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Then we write:  "  * 10^ "
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   {that is "[times]"; or "multiplied by" :    [10 raised exponentially to the power of  <u>     </u> ]._____________________________________________________
 And to find that power, we take the "rewritten integer value (i.e. "whole number value that as been rewritten to a single digit with a decimal point"); and count the [number of "trailing zeros";  if there are any; PLUS the number of decimal places one goes] ; and that number is the value to which "10" is raised.
{If there are none, we write:  " * 10⁰ " ;    since "any value, raised to the "zero power", equals "1" ; so " * 10⁰ " ; is like writing:  " * 1 " .

If there are "trailing zeros" AND/OR or  any number of decimal places,  to the "right" of this expression; the combined number of spaces to the right is: 
  { the numeric value (i.e. positive number) of the power to which "10" is raised }.

Likewise, if there are "trailing zeros" AND/OR or any number of decimal places, to the "LEFT" of this expression; the combined number of spaces to the LEFT is the value of the power which "10" is raised to; is that number—which is a negative value.

In our case:  we have:  0.000000000175 * 10^(-10) .

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             →  " 0.000000000175 m "

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Also note:  We started with "9 (nine)" preceding "zeros" before the "1" ;  now we are considering the "1" as an "additional digit" ;
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Since the decimals (and zeros) come BEFORE (precede) the "175" ; that is, to the "left" of the "175" ; the exponent to which the "10" is raised is:
 "NEGATIVE TEN" { "-10" } .

So we write this value as:  " 1.75 * 10^(-10)  m " .  

{NOTE:  Do not forget the units of measurement; which are "meters" —which can be abbreviateds as:  "m" .} . 
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The answer is:  " 1.75 * 10^(-10)   m " .
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