Question

Which process or processes produce an increase in entropy? i. n2(g) 3h2(g) right arrow. nh3(g) ii. c10h8(g) right arrow. c10h8(s) iii. ch3oh(l) right arrow. ch3oh(aq) i only ii and iii iii only i and iii

Answer 1

Entropy is commonly understood as the system's degree of disorder or unpredictability. The correct option is, (C) (iii) only

What is entropy?

Entropy is a thermodynamic number that represents the inability of a system's thermal energy to be converted into mechanical work and is commonly understood as the system's degree of disorder or unpredictability.

The degree of unpredictability of a molecule rises when it transitions from a solid to a liquid state. As a result, the entropy will rise.

Similarly, when we move from a liquid to a gaseous state, the unpredictability of the molecule increases. As a result, the entropy will rise.

However, as we progress from gas to liquid to solid, the degree of molecular randomization reduces. As a result, the entropy will decrease.

Or, to put it another way, the higher the number of moles in a product, the higher the entropy.

(i) $N_2(g)+3H_2(g) \rightarrow 2NH_3(g)$

Entropy falls in this reaction because the number of moles on the product side is fewer than the number of moles on the reactant side.

(ii) $C_{10}H_8(g) \rightarrow C_{10}H_8(s)$

Entropy lowers in this process because the degree of randomness of the molecules diminishes as we move from a gas to a solid-state.

(iii) $CH_3OH(l)\rightarrow CH_3OH(aq)$

Because the methanol liquid dissociated into ions, the number of moles present on the product side is more than the number of moles present on the reactant side, entropy rises in this reaction.

Hence, the correct option is, (C) (iii) only.

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