The answer is b it will always be equal
Answer:
D.A high temperature will make it spontaneous.
Explanation:
we know that
Δ G = Δ H - TΔS
For spontaneous reaction
Δ G should be negative . If Δ G = 0
Δ H = TΔS
T = Δ H / Δ S
At temperature above this T , Δ G becomes negative if Δ S and ΔH are positive .
So at a high temperature will make it spontaneous.
An element is stable with 8 electrons in its outer shell.
Answer: b) Doppler Effect
Explanation:
Line broadening in AAS, arises due to some effects, which can occur due to a number of factors. The line width broadening effects include: Doppler, Lorentz, Self absorption, and quenching effects.
Doppler effect arises because along the line of observation, atoms will have different components of velocity.