1. The chemical reaction produced by Carlo's fire is exergonic because energy is "going out". As the reaction proceeds, entropy increases as the energy stored in the dry wood and leaves are used up as fuel to create the fire which produces low quality light and warmth.
2. This reaction is a classic example of an exothermic reaction. Exothermic reactions are characterized with the presence of heat and light in the products. Combustion reactions are always exothermic in nature.
3. Catalyst are substances that are used to speed up reactions by lowering the activation requirement. Catalysts aren't consumed in the reaction and can still be chemically retrieved afterwards. In this situation, the leaves cannot be retrieved after the reaction ends. The leaves speed up the heating of the wood but it does not behave as a catalyst.
The density of the nugget is
and is made of gold
Explanation:
The density of an object can be calculated as

where
d is the density
m is the mass
V is the volume of the object
We have to note that density of an object actually depends on the material the object is made of (therefore, two objects made of the same material can have different mass and different volume, but they have same density).
For the nugget in this problem, we have:
mass: m = 38 g
volume: 
So, its density is

And by looking at the table, we see that this value corresponds approximately to the density of gold, so the nugget is made of gold.
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Answer:
Sorry I'm wrong The person above is correct.
I tried.
Answer:
-0.045 N, they will attract each other
Explanation:
The strength of the electrostatic force exerted on a charge is given by

where
q is the magnitude of the charge
E is the electric field magnitude
In this problem,

(negative because inward)
So the strength of the electrostatic force is

Moreover, the charge will be attracted towards the source of the electric field. In fact, the text says that the electric field points inward: this means that the source charge is negative, so the other charge (which is positive) is attracted towards it.
Coals energy is affordable and it is easy to burn.