Question

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

Answer 1

mol Mg = 4 : 24 g/mol = 0.16

mol HCl = 3.2 : 36.5 g/mol = 0.088

mol: coefficient

Mg = 0.16 : 1 = 0.16

HCl = 0.088 : 2 = 0.044

HCl smaller ratio ⇒ the limiting reactant

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

This is a limiting reactant problem.

Mg(s)

+

2HCl(aq)

→

MgCl

2

(

aq

)

+ H

2

(

g

)

Determine Moles of Magnesium

Divide the given mass of magnesium by its molar mass (atomic weight on periodic table in g/mol).

4.86

g Mg

×

1

mol Mg

24.3050

g Mg

=

0.200 mol Mg

Determine Moles of 2M Hydrochloric Acid

Convert

100 cm

3

to

100 mL

and then to

0.1 L

.

1 dm

3

=

1 L

Convert

2.00 mol/dm

3

to

2.00 mol/L

Multiply

0.1

L

times

2.00 mol/L

.

100

cm

3

×

1

mL

1

cm

3

×

1

L

1000

mL

=

0.1 L HCl

2.00 mol/dm

3

=

2.00 mol/L

0.1

L

×

2.00

mol

1

L

=

0.200 mol HCl

Multiply the moles of each reactant times the appropriate mole ratio from the balanced equation. Then multiply times the molar mass of hydrogen gas,

2.01588 g/mol

0.200

mol Mg

×

1

mol H

2

1

mol Mg

×

2.01588

g H

2

1

mol H

2

=

0.403 g H

2

0.200

mol HCl

×

1

mol H

2

2

mol HCl

×

2.01588

g H

2

1

mol H

2

=

0.202 g H

2

The limiting reactant is

HCl

, which will produce

0.202 g H

2

under the stated conditions.

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