Answer:
Explanation:
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Answer:
a. Fraction of Atom = 2.41E-5 when T = 600K
b. Fraction of Atom = 5.03E-10 when T = 298K
Explanation:
a.
Given
T = Temperature = 600K
Qv = Energy for formation = 0.55eV/atom
To calculate the fraction of atom sites, we make use of the following formula
Nv/N = exp(-Qv/kT)
Where k = Boltzmann Constant = 8.62E-5eV/K
Nv/N = exp(-0.55/(8.62E-5 * 600))
Nv/N = 0.000024078672493307
Nv/N = 2.41E-5
b. When T = 298K
Nv/N = exp(-0.55/(8.62E-5 * 298))
Nv/N = 5.026591237904E−10
Nv/N = 5.03E-10 ----- Approximated
Answer:
F(x) = 0 ; x < 0
0.064 ; 0 ≤ x < 1
0.352 ; 1 ≤ x < 2
0.784 ; 2 ≤ x < 3
1 ; x ≥ 3
Explanation:
Each wafer is classified as pass or fail.
The wafers are independent.
Then, we can modelate X : ''Number of wafers that pass the test'' as a Binomial random variable.
X ~ Bi(n,p)
Where n = 3 and p = 0.6 is the success probability
The probatility function is given by :

Where
is the combinatorial number

Let's calculate f(x) :




For the cumulative distribution function that we are looking for :



The cumulative distribution function for X is :
F(x) = 0 ; x < 0
0.064 ; 0 ≤ x < 1
0.352 ; 1 ≤ x < 2
0.784 ; 2 ≤ x < 3
1 ; x ≥ 3
Answer:
The heat loss rate through one of the windows made of polycarbonate is 252W. If the window is made of aerogel, the heat loss rate is 16.8W. If the window is made of soda-lime glass, the heat loss rate is 1190.4W.
The cost associated with the heat loss through the windows for an 8-hour flight is:
For aerogel windows: $17.472 (most efficient)
For polycarbonate windows: $262.08
For soda-lime glass windows: $1,238.016 (least efficient)
Explanation:
To calculate the heat loss rate through the window, we can use a model of heat transmission by conduction throw flat wall. Using unidimensional Fourier law:

In this case:

If we replace the data provided by the problem we get the heat loss rate through one of the windows of each material (we only have to change the thermal conductivities).
To obtain the thermal conductivity of the soda-lime glass we use the graphic attached to this answer (In this case for soda-lime glass k₃₀₀=0.992w/m·K).
To calculate the cost associated with the heat loss through the windows for an 8-hour flight we use this formula (using the heat loss rate calculated in each case):
