In the compound potassium nitrate (KNO3), the atoms within the nitrate ion are held together with COVALENT bonding, and the potassium ion and nitrate ion are held together by IONIC bonding.
A covalent bond, also called a molecular bond, is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs. Covalent bond is formed between two non-metals.
Ionic bonds form when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom. It is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between oppositely charged atoms. Ionic bond is formed between metal (electropositive element) and non-metal(electronegative element)
In nitrate ions the Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O) both are non-metals and it involves the sharing of electron pairs between N and O atoms, so the bonding in Nitrate (
) ion is covalent bonding.
In potassium nitrate , Potassium (K) is a metal and Nitrate () ion is non-metal and it involves the complete transfer of valence electron between oppositely charged atoms (K+) and (). So the bonding between Potassium and Nitrate is Ionic bonding.
NOTE : Bonding between Non-metals is Covalent bonding.
Bonding between Metal and Non-metals is Ionic bonding.
Answer: Because it's a combination of chemicals, vodka doesn't freeze at the same temperature as either water or alcohol. Of course, vodka will freeze, but not at the temperature of an ordinary freezer. This is because vodka contains enough alcohol to lower the freezing point of water below the -17°C of your typical freezer.
Explanation: .......
Explanation:
The graphite anodes are suspended into the brine. During electrolysis, Cl ions are oxidized at the anode and chlorine gas goes out of the cell, while sodium ions are reduced at the mercury cathode forming sodium amalgam. ... Hydrogen gas is obtained as a by–product at the cathode.
I’m pretty positive the answer is True
Answer : The enthalpy change for the process is 52.5 kJ/mole.
Explanation :
Heat released by the reaction = Heat absorbed by the calorimeter + Heat absorbed by the solution
![q=[q_1+q_2]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=q%3D%5Bq_1%2Bq_2%5D)
![q=[c_1\times \Delta T+m_2\times c_2\times \Delta T]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=q%3D%5Bc_1%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20T%2Bm_2%5Ctimes%20c_2%5Ctimes%20%5CDelta%20T%5D)
where,
q = heat released by the reaction
= heat absorbed by the calorimeter
= heat absorbed by the solution
= specific heat of calorimeter = 
= specific heat of water = 
= mass of water or solution = 
= change in temperature = 
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
![q=[(12.1J/^oC\times 6.1^oC)+(100.0g\times 4.18J/g^oC\times 6.1^oC)]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=q%3D%5B%2812.1J%2F%5EoC%5Ctimes%206.1%5EoC%29%2B%28100.0g%5Ctimes%204.18J%2Fg%5EoC%5Ctimes%206.1%5EoC%29%5D)
Now we have to calculate the enthalpy change for the process.
where,
= enthalpy change = ?
q = heat released = 2626.61 J
n = number of moles of copper sulfate used = 
Therefore, the enthalpy change for the process is 52.5 kJ/mole.
