Option D is correct. It is independent of the reaction pathway.
<h2>Explanations:</h2><h2>What is Hess's law?</h2>
Hesslaw states that the enthalpy change of a reaction does not change regardless whether the reaction takes place in a single or multiple reaction pathways.
This shows that the total entalpy change of a reaction does not depend on the reaction pathway.
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction UNLESS acted upon by an unbalanced force.