Answer:
See explanation and images attached
Explanation:
a) In the mechanism for the acid catalysed esterification of propanoic acid using ethanol, we can see that the first step is the protonation of the acid followed by nucleophillic attack of the alcohol. Loss of water and consequent deprotonation regenerates the acid catalyst. We can see the fate of the 18O labelled ethanol in the mechanism shown.
b) In the second mechanism, an unnamed ester is hydrolysed using an acid catalyst. The attack of the acid and subsequent nucleophillic attack of water labelled with 18O leads to the incorporation of this 18O into the product acid as shown in the mechanism attached to this answer.
Answer:
Gases are compressible, meaning that when put under high pressure, the particles are forced closer to one another. This decreases the amount of empty space and reduces the volume of the gas. Gas volume is also affected by temperature. When a gas is heated, its molecules move faster and the gas expands.
Answer:different elements have different number of electrons and shells/orbits thatswhy it have different atomic mass and size.
Explanation:
<span>Cesium-134 is an isotope. An isotope is two or more elements that have the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons. A Neutron is a subatomic particle that has about to same mass as a proton, but its not electrically charged. One atom of CS-134 has 78 neutrons.</span>
