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DerKrebs [107]
3 years ago
14

A 7.83 g sample of hcn contains 0.290 g of h and 4.06 g of n. find the mass of carbon in a sample of hcn with a mass of 3.37 g.

Chemistry
1 answer:
xeze [42]3 years ago
3 0
To obey the Law of Conservation of Mass, the sum of all individual elements of a compound is equal to the mass of the compound. So, if HCN has a mass of 7.83 grams, then

7.83 g = mass of H + mass of C + mass of N

We know the masses of H and N to be 0.290 g and 4.06 g, respectively. Hence, we can find for the mass of C:

7.83 = 0.29 + mass of C + 4.06
mass of C = 3.48 g

As an extension to the Law of Conservation of Mass, there is also a Law of Definite Proportions. According to Dalton's atomic theory, a compound is formed from a fixed ratio of its individual elements. From our previous calculations, we know that the mass ratio of H to C to N is 0.29 g: 3.48 g:4.06 grams. The ratio could also be expressed in percentages. Let's find the mass percentage of Carbon in HCN to be used later:

mass % of Carbon = (3.48 g/7.83 g)*100
mass % of Carbon = 44.44%

So, if you collect a different mass of HCN, say 3.37 g, the corresponding mass of Carbon is equal to:

Mass of Carbon = (3.37)(44.44%)
Mass of Carbon = 1.498 g
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Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.

When the heat added or removed from a substance causes a change in temperature in it, this heat is called sensible heat.

In other words, the sensible heat of a body is the amount of heat received or transferred by a body when it undergoes a change in temperature without there being a change in physical state (solid, liquid or gaseous). The equation that allows to calculate this heat exchange is:

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Where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, constituted by a substance of specific heat c and where ΔT=Tfinal-Tinitial is the change in temperature.

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To lower the temperature, heat has to be given, for that the final temperature must be lower than the initial temperature; and it receives the name of transferred heat and has a negative value, as in this case.

<u><em> 527.184 J of heat is removed from a 21 g water sample if it is cooled from 34.0 ° C to 28.0 ° C.</em></u>

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