11.86 years. Usually memorized as "12 years".
Answer:
B) waves speed up
C) waves bend away from the normal
Explanation:
The index of refraction of a material is the ratio between the speed of light in a vacuum and the speed of light in that medium:

where
c is the speed of light in a vacuum
v is the speed of light in the medium
We can re-arrange this equation as:

So from this we already see that if the index of refraction is lower, the speed of light in the medium will be higher, so one correct option is
B) waves speed up
Moreover, when light enters a medium bends according to Snell's Law:

where
are the index of refraction of the 1st and 2nd medium
are the angles made by the incident ray and refracted ray with the normal to the interface
We can rewrite the equation as

So we see that if the index of refraction of the second medium is lower (
), then the ratio
is larger than 1, so the angle of refraction is larger than the angle of incidence:

This means that the wave will bend away from the normal. So the other correct option is
C) waves bend away from the normal
Answer:
The wall is 680 meter away from the person.
Explanation:
Given data
Speed of sound = 340 
Given that Persons said hello toward the opposite side she has an echo hello 4 seconds later means it takes 2 seconds for the sound to reach the wall & again 2 seconds to reach the persons ear.
Therefore the distance between the person & wall is
D = speed × Time
D = 340 × 2
D = 680 meter
Therefore the wall is 680 meter away from the person.