Answer:
The right option is (d) substance undergoing a change of state
Explanation:
Latent Heat: Latent heat is the heat required to change the state of a substance without change in temperature. Latent heat is also known as hidden heat because the heat is not visible. The unit is Joules (J).
Latent heat is divided into two:
⇒ Latent Heat of fusion
⇒ Latent Heat of vaporization.
Latent Heat of fusion: This is the heat energy required to convert a substance from its solid form to its liquid form without change in temperature. E.g (Ice) When ice is heated, its temperature rise steadily until a certain temperature is reached when the solid begins to melts.
Latent Heat of vaporization: This is the heat required to change a liquid substance to vapor without a change in temperature. The latent heat depend on the mass of the liquid and the nature of the liquid. E.g When water is heated from a known temperature its boiling point (100°C) When more heat is supplied to its boiling temperature, it continue to boil without a change in temperature.
From The above, Latent heat brings about a change of state of a substance at a steady temperature.
The right option is (d) substance undergoing a change of state
I’ll refer to electromagnetic radiation as EMR.
Visible light is a very small subset of EMR. Many other ranges like infrared, ultraviolet, or gamma must be detected by special equipment.
EMR is what makes up light, and as we know from any high school physics class, light exhibits both particle-like properties (photoelectric effect and Compton scattering) and wave-like properties (refraction, diffraction, double-slit & single-slit experiment).
EMR can travel without a medium, like the vast emptiness of space. It can also travel with a medium. It can transmit through various materials albeit at a slower speed, like water, earth’s atmosphere, glass etc.
The propagation speed of EMR in space is 3x10^8 m/s, which is a speed unattainable by any of our current means of transportation. I would say that’s quite fast.
Net force of the acceleration it’s increasing
The Moon is very big, and any small object hitting it would have very little effect on its motion around the Earth, because the Moon's own momentum would overwhelm that of the impact. Most asteroid collisions would result in large craters and little else; even the largest asteroid known, Ceres, wouldn't budge the Moon.
Answer
The metric SI unit of force is the kilogram-metre per second squared which is called the newton (1 N = 1 kg-m/s2).