It is covalent bonding. The electrons are shared between the phosphorus and the chlorines.
covalent bonding is when electrons are shared between two elements.
molecular polarity is a little bit complicated, but I will try to explain ;)
PCl3 is an alternation on tetrahedral molecules.
It means that P has one lone pair of electrons. This pair of electrons are only attracted to the P nuclei and thus a greater freedom of motion.
This means that their orbital is bigger and this pushes the 3 Cl atoms closer together.
The angle between each Cl now is 107 and the angle between Cls and P is greater than 107.
Now, due to this shape, and also electronegativity (Cl is more electronegative than P meaning that it tends to hog the electrons they share closer to itself), PCl3 is polar. Electrons that are shared tend to flow closer towards the Cl than the P side.
Therefore, on the Cl side of the molecule it's, more negative. On the P side, it's more positive.
If an atom gains an electron and gets a negative charge because of it, it is a negatively charge ion AKA an anion.
Answer with Explanation:
The units used to express the densities of gases are different from those of solids and liquids because the particles in gas are widely separated from each other, unlike the particles in solid and liquid <u><em>which are almost the same</em></u>. The particles in solid are very close together. Considering it melts (if it's an ice), it will turn into a liquid and the change in volume is slightly greater only. However, if the liquid evaporates and transitions into a gas, <u>the volume becomes largely different from its solid and liquid state</u>. This is because the particles are much farther apart and free to move.
<span>Gamma radiation has a shorter wavelength, a higher frequency and higher energy than radio radiation.
Wavelength is inverse to frequency and energy (i.e. higher wavelength means lower frequency and lower energy, and vice versa).</span>
