A physical quantity is something which can be measured and whose measurement is necessary because all the laws of physics are given in terms of these physical quantities. The examples of physical quantity are mass, length, time, temperature, electric current, velocity , acceleration, force, work, weight,power, energy etc.
There are some quantities which cannot be measured and hence are not classified as physical quantities , for example, love, honesty, hatred etc
Thus a physical quantity is a quantity which can be measured.
Answer:
(a) 
(b) 
Explanation:
(a) The surface current density of a conductor is the current flowing per unit length of the conductor.

Considering a wire, the current is uniformly distributed over the circumferenece of the wire.

The radius of the wire = a

The surface current density 
(b) The current density is inversely proportional
......(1)
k is the constant of proportionality

........(2)
substituting (1) into (2)





substitute 

Answer:
The velocity is 
Henrietta is at distance
from the under the window
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The speed of Henrietta is 
The height of the window from the ground is 
Generally the time taken for the lunch to reach the ground assuming it fell directly under the window is

=>
=>
Generally the time taken for the lunch to reach Henrietta is mathematically represented as

Here
is the time duration that elapsed after Henrietta has passed below the window the value is given as 4 s
Now
=>
Generally the distance covered by Henrietta before catching her lunch is

=> 
=> 
Generally the speed with which Bruce threw her lunch is mathematically represented as


Air pressure decreases as altitude increases. this is because air pressure is caused by the gravity of earth, the gravity pulls on the air, compacting it and making a pressure.
But as we go higher, gravity decreases, causing less pull on the air resulting in less air pressure.<span />