Question

Tenormin, a member of the group of drugs known as beta-blockers, is used to treat high blood pressure and improve survival after a heart attack. It works by slowing down the heart to reduce its workload. Which atom in Tenormin is the most basic?

Answer 1

Answer:

Oxygen

Explanation:

In the compound tenormin, there are two highly electronegative atoms capable of accepting electrons; oxygen and nitrogen. Oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen.

However, the oxygen atom in tenormin is bonded to carbon in a carbonyl bond. Recall that the carbonyl bond is polar and the direction of the dipole is towards the oxygen atom. Looking at the structure of tenormin, it is clear that the electron density of the bond tends towards the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group. Electron density is withdrawn from the adjacent nitrogen atom of the amine group via mesomeric and inductive mechanism towards the more electronegative oxygen atom.

On the other side of the structure, there are two oxygen atoms. These oxygen atoms are more electronegative than nitrogen thus they are more basic.

Hence the oxygen atom is the most basic atom in the compound tenormin.