The rate of diffusion change would increase if the PO₂ in the capillaries was 40 mmHg and the PO₂ in the muscle cell changed from 40 to 20 mmHg.
Simple diffusion is the movement of molecular substances from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration. The mechanism with which the movement of O₂ travels from the blood to the body tissues takes place with the use of simple diffusion.
Now, if PO₂ changes from 40 → 20 mmHg in the muscle cells, and the PO₂ in the blood = 40mmHg. It implies that the pressure gradient(P) has increased. As such, there is an increase in the rate of diffusion of oxygen from the blood to muscle cells.
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A wave is a disturbance that carries energy from one place to another. Matter is NOT carried with the wave! A wave can move through matter (a medium). If it must have a medium, it is called a mechanical wave.
Answer:
shorter
longer
Explanation:
The carbon-carbon bond length in ethylene is <u>shorter</u> than the carbon-carbon bond length in ethane, and the HCH bond angle in ethylene is <u>longer</u> the HCH bond angle in ethane.
The objective of this question is to let us understand the concept of Bond Length and Bond angle among the unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (i.e alkanes, alkenes and alkynes).
The variation in bond angles of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons can be explained by two concepts; The valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model and hybridization.
The VSEPR model determines the total number of electron pairs surrounding the central atom of a species. The total number of electron pairs consist of the bond pairs and lone pairs. All the electron pairs( lie charge ) will then orient themselves in such a way to minimize the electrostatic repulsion between them.
As the number of the lone pairs increases from zero to 2 ; the bond angles diminish progressively.
However;
Hybridization is the mixing or blending of two or more pure atomic orbitals (s,p and d) to form two or more hybrid atomic orbitals that are identical in shape and energy . e.g sp, sp² , sp³ hybrid orbitals etc .
The shape of the geometry of this compound hence determines their bond angle.
The shape of the geometry of ethane is tetrahedral which is 109.5° in bond angle while that of ethylene is trigonal planar which is 120°.
This is why the HCH bond angle in ethylene is longer the HCH bond angle in ethane .
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