<h2>
Answer: a bee trying to escape from a closed jar </h2>
In an atom the electrons will occupy orbitals so that their energy is as small as possible. That is why the orbitals are ordered based on their energy level in an increasing order, which is associated with a particular range of energy based on its distance from the atom nucleus.
In this sense, an electron "jumps" from one level to another in the atom in the same way a bee tries to escape from a closed jar.
The top pair of pliers failed to loosen a stubborn bolt, but the bottom pair successfully removed it. Because the contact between the bolt and the pliers working surface is less.
<h3>What is mechanical advantage ?</h3>
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the ratio of output force to input force in a system, it is used to obtained efficiency of the given mechanical machine.
The efficiency to open the stubborn bolt depends upon the contact between the working surface of the pliers and the bolt.
The contact between the bolt and the top pair of pliers working surface is less. Its mechanical advantage is less.
Hence, the top pair of pliers failed to loosen a stubborn bolt, but the bottom pair successfully removed it.
To learn more about the mechanical advantage, refer to the link;
brainly.com/question/7638820
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Answer: ![-\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{d[Br^.]}{dt}=+\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%5Ctimes%20%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BBr%5E.%5D%7D%7Bdt%7D%3D%2B%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BBr_2%5D%7D%7Bdt%7D)
Explanation:
Rate of a reaction is defined as the rate of change of concentration per unit time.
Thus for reaction:
The rate in terms of reactants is given as negative as the concentration of reactants is decreasing with time whereas the rate in terms of products is given as positive as the concentration of products is increasing with time.
![Rate=-\frac{d[Br^.]}{2dt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Rate%3D-%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BBr%5E.%5D%7D%7B2dt%7D)
or ![Rate=+\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Rate%3D%2B%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BBr_2%5D%7D%7Bdt%7D)
Thus ![-\frac{d[Br^.]}{2dt}=+\frac{d[Br_2]}{dt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=-%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BBr%5E.%5D%7D%7B2dt%7D%3D%2B%5Cfrac%7Bd%5BBr_2%5D%7D%7Bdt%7D)
