Answer:
Number of moles: n = 1.29 moles
If the temperature reaches 35°C which is 308.15 K the balloon will burst
Explanation:
Using the formula: PV = nRT
Where P is pressure in atm, V is volume in L, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant which can be 8.314 J/mol K or 0.08206 atm L/mol K, and T is temperature in K.
In order to know which R to use, just take a look at the units. If you are given the pressure in atm, then use 0.08206 atm L/mol K. If you are given energy in Joules instead, then use 8.314 J/mol K.
Problem solution:
1 atm = 101.325 kPa, so 238 kPa is equal to 2.349 atm
1°C is 274.15 K, so 13°C is 286.15 k
Using the formula PV = nRT
2.349 atm * 12.9 L = n * 0.08206 atm L/mol K * 286.15 k
n = (30.302 atm L) / (23.481 atm L/mol)
n = 1.29 moles
If the temperature reaches 35°C which is 308.15 K the balloon will burst:
P = nRT/V
P = (1.29 moles * 0.08206 atm L/mol K * 308.15 k) / 12.9 L
P = 2.529 atm = 256.21 kPa
