Electrons are the thing in the outer energy levels
Answer: The strength of an acid or alkali depends on the degree of dissociation of the acid or alkali in water. The degree of dissociation measures the percentage of acid molecules that ionise when dissolved in water. He could use universal indicators or litmus paper for this.
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B). Have a variable volume, meaning they fill up the area they are in.
Convert atoms to moles then moles to grams