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schepotkina [342]
3 years ago
8

Balloons may contain tiny microscopic holes, which allow the gas particles within to escape via effusion. Suppose a 4.30 L ballo

on is filled with 1.21 g of He to a pressure of 1.68 atm. A second balloon is filled with 39.63 g of Xe to the same volume and pressure. From which balloon will atoms effuse more quickly?
Chemistry
2 answers:
aev [14]3 years ago
7 0

Explanation:

It is known that according to Graham's law of effusion of gases.

              \frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}} = \sqrt{\frac{M_{2}}{M_{1}}}

where, R_{1} = rate of effusion of gas 1 = rate of effusion of He

             R_{2} = rate of effusion of gas 2 = rate of effusion of Xe

            M_{1} = molar mass of gas 1 = molar mass He = 4.0026 g/mol

            M_{2} = molar mass of gas 2 = molar mass Xe = 131.29 g/mol

Now, we will substitute the values into the above formula as follows.

           \frac{R_{He}}{R_{Xe}} = \sqrt{\frac{M_{Xe}}{M_{He}}

                    = \sqrt{\frac{131.29 g/mol}{4.0026 g/mol}}

                    = \sqrt{32.8}

                    = 5.73

Thus, we can conclude that helium effuses 5.73 times faster than Xenon.

olga55 [171]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The balloon filled with Helium will effuse more quickly.

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Balloon 1: Has a volume 4.3L , a pressure of 1.68 atm and is filled with 1.21g of Helium

Balloon 2: Has also a volume of 4.3 L and a pressure of 1.68 atm but is filled with 39.63 grams of Xenon

Molar mass of He = 4g/mol

Molar mass of Xe = 131.3 g/mol

Since He is lighter than Xe, the effusion rate for He will be larger than that for Xe, which means the time of effusion for He will be smaller than that for Xe.

The balloon filled with Helium will effuse more quickly.

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The isotope 106 46Pd (106 on top and 46 on bottom)
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Answer:

4. 60 neutrons.

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The given isotopes;

         ¹⁰⁶₄₆Pd

In this isotope, we can deduce that the mass number is the superscript and the atomic number is the subscript;

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Mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom;

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So,  Number of protons  = 46

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3 years ago
Naturally occurring silicon has an atomic mass of 28.086 and consists of three isotopes. The major isotope is 28Si, natural abun
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Answer:

29Si has a natural abundance of 4.68%.

30Si has a relative atomic mass of 29.99288 and a natural abundance of 3.09%.

Explanation:

The atomic mass of silicon is given by:

Si=Si²⁸×A₁+Si²⁹×A₂+Si³⁰×A₃

Where:

Si: atomic mass of silicon (28.086)

Si²⁸: relative atomic mass of 28Si (27.97693)

A₁: natural abundance of 28Si (92.23%)

Si²⁹: relative atomic mass of 29Si (28.97649)

A₂: natural abundance of 29Si

Si³⁰: relative atomic mass of 30Si

A₃: natural abundance of 30Si

We also know that 30Si natural abundance is in the ratio of 0.6592 to that of 29Si.

We have to set up a system of three equations in three unknowns:

Si=Si²⁸×A₁+Si²⁹×A₂+Si³⁰×A₃

A₃=0.6592×A₂

A₁+A₂+A₃=1

First, we find substitute the value of A₃ in the third equation and solv teh value of A₂:

A₁+A₂+0.6592×A₂=1

A₁+1.6592×A₂=1

1.6592×A₂=1-A₁

A₂=\frac{1-A₁}{1.6592}=\frac{1-0.9223}{1.6592}=0.0468

Then, we find the value of A₃:

A₃=0.6592×A₂

A₃=0.6592×0.0468=0.0309

Finally, we find the value of Si³⁰ in the first equation:

Si=Si²⁸×A₁+Si²⁹×A₂+Si³⁰×A₃

28.086=27.97693×0.9223+28.97649×0.0468+Si³⁰×0.0309

28.086=27.15922+Si³⁰×0.0309

28.086-27.15922=Si³⁰×0.0309

\frac{0.92678}{0.0309}=Si³⁰

Si³⁰=29.99288

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