<span> attraction between the relative abundance of electrons in one object and protons in the other
</span>
Answer:
z1/z2
Explanation:
we have no quantum effects therefore we can make use of Maxwell Boltzmann distribution in the description of this system.
using the boltzman distribution the probability of finding a particle in energy state

we have
gi to be degeneration of the ith state
ei to be energy of ith state
summation

We have R to be equal to

Answer:
A vacuum
Explanation:
Sound waves are examples of mechanical waves. Mechanical waves are waves which are transmitted through the vibrations of the particles in a medium.
For example, sound waves in air consist of oscillations of the air particles, which vibrate back and forth (longitudinal wave) along the direction of propagation of the wave itself.
Given this definition of mechanical wave, we see that such a wave cannot propagate if there is no medium, because there are no particles that would oscillate. Therefore, among the choices given, the following one:
a vacuum
represent the only situation in which a sound wave cannot propagate through: in fact, there are no particles in a vacuum, so the oscillations cannot occur. In all other cases, instead, sound waves can propagate.
a) The mass of the ship is 
b) The ship has a larger momentum than the shell
Explanation:
a)
The momentum of an object is given by:

where
m is the mass of the object
v is its velocity
For the ship in this problem, we have
is the momentum
is the velocity
Solving for m, we find the mass of the ship:

b)
The momentum of the artillery shell is given by

where
m is its mass
v is its velocity
For the shell in this problem,
m = 1100 kg
v = 1200 m/s
Substituting,

So, we see that the ship has a larger momentum.
Learn more about momentum:
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