Simple machines have few or no moving parts. They make work easier.
Inclined plane
Wedge
Screw
Lever
Wheel and axle
Pulley
Inclined plane is a sloping surface, such as a ramp. Inclined plane make it easier to lift objects. The distance is greater, but the amount of force used is less. The amount of work done is the same. Wedge is used to split things apart. Force is applied to the large area of the wedge. The force is concentrated on a smaller area at the pointed end. The wedge looks like two inclined planes placed back to back. A screw can hold things together. The threading grips materials. The threading on a screw looks like an inclined plane spiraling around the outside of the screw. Large screw are also used to lift things. A car jack lifts a car by using a large screw. A lever is a strong bar that turns about a fulcrum, or fixed point. It can be used to lift heavy objects. Force applied at one end is transmitted to the other end. A lever can change the direction of a force. Moving the position of the fulcrum affects how much force is needed. A wheel and axle consists of two circular objects of different sizes that are connected. The smaller-diameter object, the axle, is a rod that goes through the wheel and lets the wheel turn. When the axle is turned, the wheel moves a greater distance, but less force is needed to move it. A pulley changes the direction of a force. A pulley consists of a grooved wheel and a rope. Pulling down on the rope lifts objects. A construction crane uses a series of pulleys. A flagpole has a pulley at the top.
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