The answers is an electrical force. 
Under normal conditions, atoms interact with each other via electrons that are furthest away from the nucleus. These electrons from the what is called the outer shell of the atom, electrons from the outer shell that can participate in chemical reactions are called valence electrons.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer: 10 and 35 degrees
Explanation: Localizers width below 10 degree and 35 degree signal arc is unreliable and considered unusable for navigation and as a result, aircrafts may loose alignment
 
        
             
        
        
        
The overall arrangements of the atoms produce crystals
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
The distance is  
 
Explanation:
From the question we are told that 
          The initial speed of the  electron is 
          The mass of electron is 
          Let  be the distance between the electron and the proton when the speed of the electron instantaneously equal to twice the initial value
 be the distance between the electron and the proton when the speed of the electron instantaneously equal to twice the initial value
          Let  be the initial kinetic energy of the electron \
 be the initial kinetic energy of the electron \
           Let  be the kinetic energy of the electron at the distance
 be the kinetic energy of the electron at the distance  from the proton
 from the proton 
   Considering that energy is conserved, 
   The energy at the initial position of the electron = The energy at the final position of the electron 
       i.e
              
 are the potential energy at the initial  position of the electron and at distance d of the electron to the proton
 are the potential energy at the initial  position of the electron and at distance d of the electron to the proton 
                 Here 
So the equation becomes 
                    
Here  are the charge on the electron and the proton and their are the same since a charge on an electron is equal to charge on a proton
 are the charge on the electron and the proton and their are the same since a charge on an electron is equal to charge on a proton 
   is electrostatic constant with value
 is electrostatic constant with value 
 i.e  
 
             is the velocity at distance d from the proton = 2
 is the velocity at distance d from the proton = 2
   So the equation becomes 
              
             ![\frac{1}{2} mv_i^2  = 4 [\frac{1}{2}mv_i^2 ]- \frac{k(q)^2}{d}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%20mv_i%5E2%20%20%3D%204%20%5B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dmv_i%5E2%20%5D-%20%5Cfrac%7Bk%28q%29%5E2%7D%7Bd%7D)
            ![3[\frac{1}{2}mv_i^2 ] = \frac{k(q)^2}{d}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=3%5B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7Dmv_i%5E2%20%5D%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7Bk%28q%29%5E2%7D%7Bd%7D)
Making d the subject of the formula 
            
               
               