Which statement best describes how atoms combine to form sodium chloride (NaCl)?
2 answers:
Answer: Option (D) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A bond generated after transfer of an electron from one atom to another is known as an ionic bond. And, a bond generated by sharing of electron(s) between two atoms is known as a covalent bond.
Sodium is a metal with atomic number 11 and electronic distribution 2, 8, 1. On the other hand, chlorine is a non-metal with atomic number 17 and electronic distribution 2, 8, 7.
So, in order to attain stability sodium will lose one electron and develop a positive charge as . Whereas chlorine at the same time will take up one electron from sodium atom and acquire a negative charge as
.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement a positively charged sodium ion and a negatively charged chlorine ion form an ionic bond.
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Answer:
Approximately formula units (
).
Explanation:
Refer to a modern periodic table for the relative atomic mass of magnesium () and chlorine (
):
:
.
:
.
In other words, the mass of of
atoms would be (approximately)
.
Likewise, the mass of of
atoms would be approximately
.
One formula unit of the ionic compound includes exactly as many atoms as there are in the given formula. The formula mass of a compound is the mass of
of the formula units of this compound.
The formula includes one
atom and two
atoms.
Hence, every formula unit of would include the same number of atoms: one
atom and two
atoms. There would be
of
atoms and
of
atoms in
of
formula units.
Thus, the mass of of
formula units would be equal to the mass of
of
atoms plus the mass of
of
atoms. (The mass of
of each atom could be found from the relative atomic mass of each element.)
.
In other words, the formula mass of is
.
Therefore, the number of formula units in of
would be:
.
Multiple by Avogadro's Number
to estimate the number of formula units in
:
.