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dedylja [7]
3 years ago
9

Briefly explain how electron orbitals and energy levels relate to the structure of an atom.

Chemistry
1 answer:
goldfiish [28.3K]3 years ago
5 0
The nucleus of an atom contain neutrons and protons, and energy levels surround the nucleus, in rings and contain electrons
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Naphthalene, C10H8, melts at 80.2°C. If the vapour pressure of the liquid is 1.3 kPa at 85.8°C and 5.3 kPa at 119.3°C, use th
sweet-ann [11.9K]

(a) One form of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is

ln(P₂/P₁) = (ΔHv/R) * (1/T₁ - 1/T₂); where in this case:

  • P₁ = 1.3 kPa
  • P₂ = 5.3 kPa
  • T₁ = 85.8°C = 358.96 K
  • T₂ = 119.3°C = 392.46 K

Solving for ΔHv:

  • ΔHv = R * ln(P₂/P₁) / (1/T₁ - 1/T₂)
  • ΔHv = 8.31 J/molK * ln(5.3/1.3) / (1/358.96 - 1/392.46)
  • ΔHv = 49111.12 J/molK

(b) <em>Normal boiling point means</em> that P = 1 atm = 101.325 kPa. We use the same formula, using the same values for P₁ and T₁, and replacing P₂ with atmosferic pressure, <u>solving for T₂</u>:

  • ln(P₂/P₁) = (ΔHv/R) * (1/T₁ - 1/T₂)
  • 1/T₂ = 1/T₁ - [ ln(P₂/P₁) / (ΔHv/R) ]
  • 1/T₂ = 1/358.96 K - [ ln(101.325/1.3) / (49111.12/8.31) ]
  • 1/T₂ = 2.049 * 10⁻³ K⁻¹
  • T₂ = 488.1 K = 214.94 °C

(c)<em> The enthalpy of vaporization</em> was calculated in part (a), and it does not vary depending on temperature, meaning <u>that at the boiling point the enthalpy of vaporization ΔHv is still 49111.12 J/molK</u>.

3 0
3 years ago
How much heat, in calories, is needed to raise the temperature of 125.0 g of Lead (c lead = 0.130 J/g°C) from 17.5°C to 41.1°C?
pav-90 [236]
95.6 cal
are needed.
Explanation:
Use the following equation:
q
=
m
c
Δ
T
,
where:
q
is heat energy,
m
is mass,
c
is specific heat capacity, and
Δ
T
is the change in temperature.
Δ
T
=
T
final
−
T
initial
Known
m
=
125 g
c
Pb
=
0.130
J
g
⋅
∘
C
T
initial
=
17.5
∘
C
T
final
=
42.1
∘
C
Δ
T
=
42.1
∘
C
−
17.5
∘
C
=
24.6
∘
C
Unknown
q
Solution
Plug the known values into the equation and solve.
q
=
(
125
g
)
×
(
0.130
J
g
⋅
∘
C
)
×
(
24.6
∘
C
)
=
400. J

(rounded to three significant figures)
Convert Joules to calories
1 J
=
0.2389 cal
to four significant figures.
400
.
J
×
0.2389
cal
1
J
=
95.6 cal

(rounded to three significant figures)
95.6 cal
are needed.
8 0
3 years ago
How many grams of Cu will be produced if 15. 8 grams of Cu2S got consumed?
White raven [17]

Answer:

15

Explanation:

Because the ratio of copper in the solution is 15

7 0
2 years ago
What is the approximate volume injected into a GC? 10-50 μL 500-1000 μL 1-10 μL 100-500 μL 50-100 μL What technique is used to a
DiKsa [7]

Answer:

1-10 μL

Explanation:

Gas Chromatography (GC) is a method of separating the constituents of a complex mixture by taking advantage of their different rates of movement in a solvent over an adsorbent medium. Gas Chromatography (GC) is a means of separation and analysis that utilises fractional separation. It is based on the principle that if a fluid containing a number of substances is allowed to pass through an adsorbent medium , the different substances in the fluid may travel at different rates and be separated.

The approximate volume injected through an inlet by using a split injection into a Gas Chromatography (GC) contains a sample with an approximate value of analyte which varies from  1-10 μL.

In order to adjust for injection volume inaccuracy, the technique used is known as  Internal Standard.

4 0
3 years ago
How to solve the chemical formula for Calcium Chlorate
san4es73 [151]

Answer:

Ca(ClO3)2

Explanation:

The chemical formula of calcium chlorate is Ca(ClO3)2, which means in this molecule, Ca2+ ion is bonded to two ClO3- ions. So the formula can be expended to O3Cl-Ca-ClO3, or CaCl2O6 (basically times the numbers of the elements inside the bracket by the number outside the bracket.

3 0
3 years ago
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