Well, clearly the calculated value for the number of hydrating water molecules would increase above its true level, because the total weight loss would be greater than expected. This is of course undesirable, but may usually be avoided by careful application of the experimental procedures. The signs to look for include
<span>(a) loss of water of hydration usually occurs at a considerably lower temperature than decomposition of the salt, because the water molecules are not strongly bonded in the hydrated complex. Dehydration typically occurs in a broad range of temperatures, typically from 50°C to around 200°C, whereas decomposition of the dehydrated salt generally takes place at temperatures over 200°C and in some case over 1000°C. So dehydration should be performed with care - avoid over-heating the sample in order to ensure that all the water has been driven off. </span>
<span>(b) dehydration often results in a change of appearance of the sample, particularly the colour and particle size of crystalline hydrates. However, decomposition may be accompanied by an additional change at higher temperatures, which gives a warning of its occurrence. </span>
<span>(c) if it is suspected that decomposition is occurring, or that dehydration is not complete, exploratory runs of varying duration at a given temperature may be carried out. There are two criteria to judge the effectiveness of the procedure </span>
<span>(i) the weight of the sample decreases to a constant stable value: this is a sign that dehydration is complete and decomposition - which is usually a much slower process - is not occurring. </span>
<span>(ii) the calculated number of molecules of water lost should take an integer value. If it differs by more than, say, 0.1 from an integer than it is probable that one of these two undesirable effects is present. Some hydrates lose water in steps through intermediate compounds with a lower level of hydration. These may provide plateaus where the weight loss is stable but dehydration is not complete. These will, in general, not provide an integer value for the number of water molecules present (because the calculation is based on the assumption that the residual sample is completely dehydrated salt).</span>
Answer:
4. C2H4, C3H6, C4H8
this is the alkane homologous series of hydrocarbons.
Their general formula is CnH2n
you can check this fits for all these compounds
put n = 1, 2, 3 and so on
There are 1000 ml in 1 L so 1000-275 is 725 ml
Hey there!
Protons determine the name of the element you build.
Protons are the particle that determines many things about the element.
The number of protons is the atomic number of an element, which is found on the periodic table.
Hope this helps!
