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hodyreva [135]
3 years ago
14

Why is it easier to deprotonate alkynes compared to alkanes and alkenes?​

Chemistry
1 answer:
8090 [49]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The acetylinic hydrogen atom is more acidic than the olefinic hydrogen atoms or hydrogen atoms attached to alkanes.

Explanation:

The acidity of a terminal alkyne is as a result of the high level of s character in the sp hybridized orbital, which bonds with the s orbital of the hydrogen atom to form a single bond. This very high level of s character in an sp‐hybridized carbon causes the region of overlap the σ bond to shift much closer to the carbon atom. This effect leads to a polarization the bond, causing the hydrogen atom to become slightly positive. This slight positive charge makes the acetylinic hydrogen atom a weak proton, which can be removed by a strong base.

In the case of alkanes and alkenes, the s character in the hybridized carbon bonds is much less than that of the acetylinic bond, resulting in fewer electronegative carbon atoms and a corresponding lesser shift of electron density toward those atoms in the overlap region of the σ bond. The location of the overlap region makes the corresponding hydrogen atoms less electron deficient and thus less acidic than the acetylinic hydrogen. In reality, the hydrogen atoms bonded to alkanes and alkenes can be removed as protons, but much stronger nonaqueous bases are necessary.

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The correct option is this: SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY IS AN INTENSIVE PROPERTY AND DOES NOT DEPEND ON SAMPLE SIZE.

Generally, all the properties of matters can be divided into two classes, these are intensive and extensive properties. Intensive properties are those properties that are not determined by the quantity of the material that is present or available. Examples of intensive properties are colour, density and specific heat capacity. For instance, whether you have a bucket of water or a cup of water, the quantity does not matter, the colour of water will always remain the same. Extensive properties in contrast, are those properties that depend on the quantity of material that is available. Examples are mass, heat capacity and volume.

6 0
3 years ago
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Calculate the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions in a 0.050 M solution of nitric acid.
Mazyrski [523]

Answer:

[H₃O⁺] = 0.05 M & [OH⁻] = 2.0 x 10⁻¹³.

Explanation:

  • HNO₃ is completely ionized in water as:

<em>HNO₃ + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + NO₃⁻.</em>

  • The concentration of hydronium ion is equal to the concentration of HNO₃:

[H₃O⁺] = 0.05 M.

∵ [H₃O⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.

<em>∴ [OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴/[H₃O⁺] </em>= 10⁻¹⁴/0.05 = <em>2.0 x 10⁻¹³.</em>

3 0
2 years ago
a sample of 25.0g of an unknown metal is added to 25.0ml of water in a graduated cylinder and the final volume is 28.5ml what is
leva [86]

Answer:

<h2>The answer is 7.14 g/mL</h2>

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

density =  \frac{mass}{volume}  \\

From the question

mass of metal = 25 g

volume = final volume of water - initial volume of water

volume = 28.5 - 25 = 3.5 mL

It's density is

density =  \frac{25}{3.5}  \\  = 7.142857...

We have the final answer as

<h3>7.14 g/mL</h3>

Hope this helps you

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Answer:

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2 years ago
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2 years ago
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