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3 years ago

Polar bonds

Chemistry

1 answer:

nika2105 [10]3 years ago

6 0

Answer: a. Have an overall neutral charge

b. Have electrons that are not equally shared

d. Have slight positive and negative ends

Explanation:

Electronegativity is defined as the property of an element to attract a shared pair of electron towards itself.

A polar covalent bond is defined as the bond which is formed when there is a difference of electronegativities between the atoms. Example: $HCl$

The more electronegative element i.e. chlorine acquires a partial negative charge as it withdraws the electron density towards itself. Thus hydrogen acquires a partial positive charge. The opposite charges cancel each other and thus overall it is electrically neutral.

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The heats of combustion of ethane (C2H6) and butane (C4H10) are 52 kJ/g and 49 kJ/g, respectively. We need to produce 1.000 x 10

LekaFEV [45]

Answer :

(1) The number of grams needed of each fuel $(C_2H_6)\text{ and }(C_4H_{10})$ are 19.23 g and 20.41 g respectively.

(2) The number of moles of each fuel $(C_2H_6)\text{ and }(C_4H_{10})$ are 0.641 moles and 0.352 moles respectively.

(3) The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of the fuels.

$C_2H_6+\frac{7}{2}O_2\rightarrow 2CO_2+3H_2O$

$C_4H_{10}+\frac{13}{2}O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2+5H_2O$

(4) The number of moles of $CO_2$ produced by burning each fuel is 1.28 mole and 1.41 mole respectively.

The fuel that emitting least amount of $CO_2$ is $C_2H_6$

Explanation :

Part 1 :

First we have to calculate the number of grams needed of each fuel $(C_2H_6)\text{ and }(C_4H_{10})$ .

As, 52 kJ energy required amount of $C_2H_6$ = 1 g

So, 1000 kJ energy required amount of $C_2H_6$ = $\frac{1000}{52}=19.23g$

and,

As, 49 kJ energy required amount of $C_4H_{10}$ = 1 g

So, 1000 kJ energy required amount of $C_4H_{10}$ = $\frac{1000}{49}=20.41g$

Part 2 :

Now we have to calculate the number of moles of each fuel $(C_2H_6)\text{ and }(C_4H_{10})$ .

Molar mass of $C_2H_6$ = 30 g/mole

Molar mass of $C_4H_{10}$ = 58 g/mole

$\text{ Moles of }C_2H_6=\frac{\text{ Mass of }C_2H_6}{\text{ Molar mass of }C_2H_6}=\frac{19.23g}{30g/mole}=0.641moles$

and,

$\text{ Moles of }C_4H_{10}=\frac{\text{ Mass of }C_4H_{10}}{\text{ Molar mass of }C_4H_{10}}=\frac{20.41g}{58g/mole}=0.352moles$

Part 3 :

Now we have to write down the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of the fuels.

The balanced chemical reaction for combustion of $C_2H_6$ is:

$C_2H_6+\frac{7}{2}O_2\rightarrow 2CO_2+3H_2O$

and,

The balanced chemical reaction for combustion of $C_4H_{10}$ is:

$C_4H_{10}+\frac{13}{2}O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2+5H_2O$

Part 4 :

Now we have to calculate the number of moles of $CO_2$ produced by burning each fuel to produce 1000 kJ.

$C_2H_6+\frac{7}{2}O_2\rightarrow 2CO_2+3H_2O$

From this we conclude that,

As, 1 mole of $C_2H_6$ react to produce 2 moles of $CO_2$

As, 0.641 mole of $C_2H_6$ react to produce $0.641\times 2=1.28$ moles of $CO_2$

and,

$C_4H_{10}+\frac{13}{2}O_2\rightarrow 4CO_2+5H_2O$

From this we conclude that,

As, 1 mole of $C_4H_{10}$ react to produce 4 moles of $CO_2$

As, 0.352 mole of $C_4H_{10}$ react to produce $0.352\times 4=1.41$ moles of $CO_2$

So, the fuel that emitting least amount of $CO_2$ is $C_2H_6$

5 0

3 years ago

When calcium hydroxide is formed, heat is released. Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) released when 2 moles of calcium hydrox

babunello [35]

Answer:

Explanation:

3 0

2 years ago

In the laboratory you dissolve 13.9 g of potassium phosphatein a volumetric flask and add water to a total volume of 250mL.

tensa zangetsu [6.8K]

Answer:

Molarity of the solution? 0,262 M.

Concentration of the potassium cation? 0,786 M.

Concentration of the phosphate anion? 0,262 M.

Explanation:

Potassium phosphate (K₃PO₄; 212,27 g/mol) dissolves in water thus:

K₃PO₄ → 3 K⁺ + PO₄³⁻ (1)

Molarity is an unit of chemical concentration given in moles of solute (K₃PO₄) per liters of solution.

There are 250 mL of solution≡0,25 L

The moles of K₃PO₄ are:

13,9 g of K₃PO₄ × $\frac{1mol}{212,27 g}$ = 0,0655 moles of K₃PO₄

The molarity of the solution is:

$\frac{0,0655 moles}{0,25L}$ = 0,262 M

In (1) you can see that 1 mole of K₃PO₄ produces 3 moles of potassium cation. The moles of potassium cation are:

0,0655 moles×3 = 0,1965 moles

The concentration is:

$\frac{0,1965 moles}{0,25L}$ = 0,786 M

The moles of K₃PO₄ are the same than moles of PO₄³⁻, thus, concentration of phosphate anion is the same than concentration of K₃PO₄. 0,262 M

I hope it helps!

4 0

3 years ago

Which physical method can be used for obtaining a sample of salt from a small beaker of salt water?

kipiarov [429]

The answer is evaporation.Evaporation is the vaporization of the liquid from its surface into gaseous phase, without boiling the liquid. When all the liquid has passed to gaseous phase the salt dissolved in the salt water will remain as solid crystals.

5 0

3 years ago

A tank of oxygen with a pressure of 23 atm is moved from room temperature of 293K to a storage freezer at 239K. What is the fina

Gelneren [198K]

Answer:

18.76atm

Explanation:

Using the formula V1P1/T1 = V2P2/T2, from combined gas law. Volume is constant since we have not been given. Therefore the formula comes to be; P1/T1 = P2/T1

To get P2 = T2(P1/T1)

Where P2 is final pressure

P2 = 239K ( 23atm/293K)

=18.76atm

7 0

3 years ago