Answer:
D) equal to the flux of electric field through the Gaussian surface B.
Explanation:
Flux through S(A) = Flux through S (B ) = Charge inside/ ∈₀
The tension in the rope B is determined as 10.9 N.
<h3>Vertical angle of cable B</h3>
tanθ = (6 - 4)/(5 - 0)
tan θ = (2)/(5)
tan θ = 0.4
θ = arc tan(0.4) = 21.8 ⁰
<h3>Angle between B and C</h3>
θ = 21.8 ⁰ + 21.8 ⁰ = 43.6⁰
Apply cosine rule to determine the tension in rope B;
A² = B² + C² - 2BC(cos A)
B = C
A² = B² + B² - (2B²)(cos A)
A² = 2B² - 2B²(cos 43.6)
A² = 0.55B²
B² = A²/0.55
B² = 65.3/0.55
B² = 118.73
B = √(118.73)
B = 10.9 N
Thus, the tension in the rope B is determined as 10.9 N.
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Answer:
(A). The speed of the ions is 
(B). The radius of curvature of a singly charged lithium ion is 
Explanation:
Given that,
Electric field = 60000 N/C
Magnetic field = 0.0500 T
(A). We need to calculate the velocity
For no deflection





(B). We need to calculate the radius
Using magnetic force balance by centripetal force


Put the value into the formula


Hence, (A). The speed of the ions is 
(B). The radius of curvature of a singly charged lithium ion is 
Answer
a) Using dimensional analysis we cannot derive the relation, But we can check the correctness of the formula.

now, L H S
s = distance
dimension of distance = [M⁰L¹T⁰]
now, equation on the right hand side
R H S
u = speed
u = m/s
Dimension of speed = [M⁰L¹T⁻¹]
dimension of time
t = sec
Dimension of time = [M⁰L⁰T¹]
Dimension of 'ut' = [M⁰L¹T⁻¹][M⁰L⁰T¹]
= [M⁰L¹T⁰]
now, acceleration= a
a = m /s²
dimension of acceleration = [M⁰L¹T⁻²]
dimension of (at²) = [M⁰L¹T⁻²][M⁰L⁰T¹][M⁰L⁰T¹]
= [M⁰L¹T⁰]
hence, the dimension are balanced.
so, L H S = R H S
b) Moment of inertia of hollow sphere = 
Moment of inertia of solid sphere = 
we know,


Torque is the force that causes rotation
If the same amount of torque is applied to both spheres the sphere with bigger moment of inertia would have smaller angular velocity.
Thus the solid sphere would accelerate more.
Answer:
In metallic bonds, the valence electrons from the s and p orbitals of the interacting metal atoms delocalize.