Covalent bonds. Silicon, carbon, germanium, and a few other elements form covalently bonded solids. In these elements there are four electrons in the outer sp-shell, which is half filled. ... In the covalent bond an atom shares one valence (outer-shell) electron with each of its four nearest neighbour atoms.
Answer:
a) 
b) 
c) Towards the center of the centrifuge
Explanation:
a)
Becuse the centrifuge rotates in circular motion, there's an angular acceleration tha simulates high gravity accelerations

with r the radius and ω the amgular velocity, in or case
so:
and g=9.8
solving for ω:


b) Linear speed (v) and angular speed are related by:


c) The apparent weigth is pointing towards the center of the circle, becuse angular acceleration is pointing in that direction.
<h2>
Answer: The half-life of beryllium-15 is 400 times greater than the half-life of beryllium-13.</h2>
Explanation:
The half-life
of a radioactive isotope refers to its decay period, which is the average lifetime of an atom before it disintegrates.
In this case, we are given the half life of two elements:
beryllium-13: 
beryllium-15: 
As we can see, the half-life of beryllium-15 is greater than the half-life of beryllium-13, but how great?
We can find it out by the following expression:

Where
is the amount we want to find:


Finally:

Therefore:
The half-life of beryllium-15 is <u>400 times greater than</u> the half-life of beryllium-13.
Answer:
its 1/2 the mass of the object times by its velocity ^ 2
These two forces are called action and reaction forces and are the subject of Newton's third law of motion.
<em>Have a luvely day!</em>