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Dimas [21]
3 years ago
11

How do three states of matter arise?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Evgen [1.6K]3 years ago
6 0
The status of the state of matter of a material defines the phase. Pellet currently case 16 is defined; three of which solid, liquid and gas are referred to as conventional cases. There are a total of 16 state currently defined, these classic except; liquid crystal, amorphous solid, magnetic regularly, superconducting, superfluid, the Bose-Einstein condensation, Rydberg molecules, plasma (ionized gas), the quark-gluon plasma, degenerate matter, Superkate, the stringy liquid and SuperCam mine. Daily life in general, solid materials, include liquid or gaseous, but outside world, 99% of the material in the universe plasma (ionized gas) is in the form.
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The development of nuclear power has provided electricity for less money, but at a cost. What may be considered a "cost" of nucl
Schach [20]
D. A disadvantage of nuclear power is that waste products are unsafe and hard to store. They must be stored for many hundreds of years before they becomes safe and easier to dispose of, and we currently don't have a good method of storing them in the meantime.


4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
(i) Based on the graph, determine the order of the decomposition reaction of cyclobutane at 1270 K. Justify your answer.
Leni [432]

Answer:

(c)(i) The order of the reaction based on the graph provided is first order.

(ii) 99% of the cyclobutane would have decomposed in 53.15 milliseconds.

d) Rate = K [Cl₂]

K = rate constant

The justification is presented in the Explanation provided below.

e) A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without participating or being used up in the reaction.

Cl₂ is one of the reactants in the reaction, hence, it participates actively and is used up in the process of the reaction, hence, it cannot be termed as a catalyst for the reaction.

So, this shows why the student's claim is false.

Explanation:

To investigate the order of a reaction, a method of trial and error is usually employed as the general equations for the amount of reactant left for various orders are known.

So, the behaviour of the plot of maybe the concentration of reactant with time, or the plot of the natural logarithm of the concentration of reactant with time.

The graph given is evidently an exponential function. It is a graph of the concentration of cyclobutane declining exponentially with time. This aligns with the gemeral expression of the concentration of reactants for a first order reaction.

C(t) = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

where C(t) = concentration of the reactant at any time

C₀ = Initial concentration of cyclobutane = 1.60 mol/L

k = rate constant

The rate constant for a first order reaction is given

k = (In 2)/T

where T = half life of the reaction. It is the time taken for the concentration of the reactant to fall to half of its initial concentration.

From the graph, when the concentration of reactant reaches half of its initial concentration, that is, when C(t) = 0.80 mol/L, time = 8.0 milliseconds = 0.008 s

k = (In 2)/0.008 = (0.693/0.008) = 86.64 /s

(ii) Calculate the time, in milliseconds, that it would take for 99 percent of the original cyclobutane at 1270 K to decompose

C(t) = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

when 99% of the cyclobutane has decomposed, there's only 1% left

C(t) = 0.01C₀

k = 86.64 /s

t = ?

0.01C₀ = C₀ e⁻ᵏᵗ

e⁻ᵏᵗ = 0.01

In e⁻ᵏᵗ = In 0.01 = -4.605

-kt = -4.605

t = (4.605/k) = (4.605/86.64) = 0.05315 s = 53.15 milliseconds.

d) The reaction mechanism for the reaction of cyclopentane and chlorine gas is given as

Cl₂ → 2Cl (slow)

Cl + C₅H₁₀ → HCl + C₅H₉ (fast)

C₅H₉ + Cl → C₅H₉Cl (fast)

The rate law for a reaction is obtained from the slow step amongst the the elementary reactions or reaction mechanism for the reaction. After writing the rate law from the slow step, any intermediates that appear in the rate law is then substituted for, using the other reaction steps.

For This reaction, the slow step is the first elementary reaction where Chlorine gas dissociates into 2 Chlorine atoms. Hence, the rate law is

Rate = K [Cl₂]

K = rate constant

Since, no intermediates appear in this rate law, no further simplification is necessary.

The obtained rate law indicates that the reaction is first order with respect to the concentration of the Chlorine gas and zero order with respect to cyclopentane.

e) A catalyst is a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without participating or being used up in the reaction.

Cl₂ is one of the reactants in the reaction, hence, it participates actively and is used up in the process of the reaction, hence, it cannot be termed as a catalyst for the reaction.

So, this shows why the student's claim is false.

Hope this Helps!!!

6 0
3 years ago
The balance reads 221.5 _________ and is measuring an object's _____________. grams; mass Newton's; mass kilograms; mass Newton'
azamat

Answer: grams;mass

Explanation: :)  I took the test.

5 0
2 years ago
If the theoretical yield of a reaction is 0.110 g and the actual yield is 0.104 g , what is the percent yield?
Westkost [7]
Theoretical Yield is an Ideal yield with 100 % conversion of reactant to product. It is in fact a paper work.

While,

Actual Yield is the yield which is obtained experimentally. It is always less than theoretical yield because it is not possible to have 100% conversion of reactants into products. Even some amount of product is lost while handling it during the process.

Percentage Yield is Calculated as,

                    %age Yield  =  Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield × 100

Data Given:
                   Actual Yield  =  0.104 g

                   Theoretical Yield  =  0.110 g

Putting Values,

                    %age Yield  =  0.104 g / 0.110 g × 100

                    %age Yield  =  94.54 %
3 0
2 years ago
Which compounds have the empirical formula CH2O?
lara [203]

Answer:

The answer to your question is all the formulas in bold has the same empirical formula

Explanation:

Data

Empirical formula     CH₂O

Process

To solve this problem factor the subscripts of each formula and compare the result with the empirical formula given.

a) C₂H₄O₂      factor 2          2(CH₂O)

b) C₃H₆O₃      factor 3          3(CH₂O)

c) CH₂O₂        this formula can not be simplified

d) C₅H₁₀O₅      factor 5         5(CH₂O)

e) C₆H₁₂O₆      factor 6         6(CH₂O)

8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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