Atoms form bonds with other atoms with the purpose of completing their outer energy levels. So a good strategy of predicting how many bonds an atom will form is to first establish how many electrons it needs to complete its valence shell.
F has 7 valence electrons, it needs one more electron to complete its valence shell so it forms one bond
Si has 4 valence electrons, it needs four more so it forms four bonds
O has 6 valence electrons, it needs two more so it forms two bonds
Quantitative measurements are numerical values, they involve amounts and units like measuring things. Qualitative observations appeal to the five senses, like what does the interaction look and sound like
Since you are just trying to find the yield, take the moles of the substance from the products and divide it by the mol value of the reactants. Multiply by 100 to find percentage
