Condensed electron configuration of :
Ga = [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹.
O = 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
Gallium belongs to group 13 of the periodic table with 3 valence electrons. Oxygen (Atomic number = 8 and electronic configuration = 2,6) belongs to group 16 of the periodic table with 6 valence electrons. To achieve the octet stability criteria 2 gallium atoms will donate their 3 electrons each to 3 oxygen atoms.
The 3 oxygen atoms due to their high electron attracting ability will accept those electrons resulting in Ga3+ cation and O₂⁻ anion.
Thus, the formula of their compound if Ga₂O₃.
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