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xeze [42]
3 years ago
10

The town of Mustang, TX is concerned that waste heat discharged from a new up- stream power plant will decimate the minnow popul

ation in its local stream. The power plant is 35% efficient with a rated output of 350 MW, and 75% of the waste heat is discharged into the stream, which flows at 150 m3/s. Before the power plant starts operations, the stream temperature was 20◦C. If the minnows can handle max- imum stream temperatures of 22◦C, will the water be safe at the point of cooling water discharge? (Assume that the waste heat is discharged to the flow of the whole stream.)
Engineering
1 answer:
vitfil [10]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Yes the water will be safe at the point of cooling water discharge

Explanation:

Power losses in plant= 350- 350×0.35=227.5MW

Rate of heat rejection to stream= 0.75× 227.5= 170.625MW

Rate of heat rejection= rate of flow of water× c × ΔT

170625000= 150000000× 4.186 × (Final temperature- 20)

Final temperature= 20.3 ◦C

The final temperature of stream will be 20.3 ◦C. Thechange is very small so the minnows will be able to handle this temperature.

You might be interested in
One kilogram of water fills a 150-L rigid container at an initial pressure of 2 MPa. The container is then cooled to 40∘C. Deter
lukranit [14]

The pressure of water is 7.3851 kPa

<u>Explanation:</u>

Given data,

V = 150×10^{-3} m^{3}

m = 1 Kg

P_{1} = 2 MPa

T_{2}  = 40°C

The waters specific volume is calculated:

v_{1} = V/m

Here, the waters specific volume at initial condition is v_{1}, the containers volume is V, waters mass is m.

v_{1} = 150×10^{-3} m^{3}/1

v_{1} = 0.15 m^{3}/ Kg

The temperature from super heated water tables used in interpolation method between the lower and upper limit for the specific volume corresponds 0.15 m^{3}/ Kg and 0.13 m^{3}/ Kg.

T_{1}= 350+(400-350) \frac{0.15-0.13}{0.1522-0.1386}

T_{1} = 395.17°C

Hence, the initial temperature is 395.17°C.

The volume is constant in the rigid container.

v_{2} = v_{1}= 0.15 m^{3}/ Kg

In saturated water labels for T_{2}  = 40°C.

v_{f} = 0.001008 m^{3}/ Kg

v_{g} = 19.515 m^{3}/ Kg

The final state is two phase region v_{f} < v_{2} < v_{g}.

In saturated water labels for T_{2}  = 40°C.

P_{2} = P_{Sat} = 7.3851 kPa

P_{2} = 7.3851 kPa

7 0
3 years ago
The relatonship between Kalven and celsius______
umka2103 [35]

Answer:

K=C+273.15

Explanation:

Kelvin's climbing represents the <em>absolute temperature</em>. Temperature is a measure of the molecular kinetic energy of translation. If the molecules move quickly, with the same energy as in the walls of the container, which makes us feel like "heat". If the molecules do not move, the temperature is zero. 0 K.

The Celsius scale has an <em>artificial zero</em>, defined in the solidification temperature of the water. It is very useful to talk about the weather, and about some simpler technical matters. But it is artificial.

3 0
4 years ago
A set of drawings for a building usually includes plan views of the site (lot), the floor layout, and the ____.
Andreas93 [3]
A set of drawings for a building usually includes plan views of the site (lot, the floor layout, and the foundation
4 0
3 years ago
More discussion about seriesConnect(Ohm) function In your main(), first, construct the first circuit object, called ckt1, using
STALIN [3.7K]

Answer:

resistor.h

//circuit class template

#ifndef TEST_H

#define TEST_H

#include<iostream>

#include<string>

#include<vector>

#include<cstdlib>

#include<ctime>

#include<cmath>

using namespace std;

//Node for a resistor

struct node {

  string name;

  double resistance;

  double voltage_across;

  double power_across;

};

//Create a class Ohms

class Ohms {

//Attributes of class

private:

  vector<node> resistors;

  double voltage;

  double current;

//Member functions

public:

  //Default constructor

  Ohms();

  //Parameterized constructor

  Ohms(double);

  //Mutator for volatage

  void setVoltage(double);

  //Set a resistance

  bool setOneResistance(string, double);

  //Accessor for voltage

  double getVoltage();

  //Accessor for current

  double getCurrent();

  //Accessor for a resistor

  vector<node> getNode();

  //Sum of resistance

  double sumResist();

  //Calculate current

  bool calcCurrent();

  //Calculate voltage across

  bool calcVoltageAcross();

  //Calculate power across

  bool calcPowerAcross();

  //Calculate total power

  double calcTotalPower();

  //Display total

  void displayTotal();

  //Series connect check

  bool seriesConnect(Ohms);

  //Series connect check

  bool seriesConnect(vector<Ohms>&);

  //Overload operator

  bool operator<(Ohms);

};

#endif // !TEST_H

resistor.cpp

//Implementation of resistor.h

#include "resistor.h"

//Default constructor,set voltage 0

Ohms::Ohms() {

  voltage = 0;

}

//Parameterized constructor, set voltage as passed voltage

Ohms::Ohms(double volt) {

  voltage = volt;

}

//Mutator for volatage,set voltage as passed voltage

void Ohms::setVoltage(double volt) {

  voltage = volt;

}

//Set a resistance

bool Ohms::setOneResistance(string name, double resistance) {

  if (resistance <= 0){

      return false;

  }

  node n;

  n.name = name;

  n.resistance = resistance;

  resistors.push_back(n);

  return true;

}

//Accessor for voltage

double Ohms::getVoltage() {

  return voltage;

}

//Accessor for current

double Ohms::getCurrent() {

  return current;

}

//Accessor for a resistor

vector<node> Ohms::getNode() {

  return resistors;

}

//Sum of resistance

double Ohms::sumResist() {

  double total = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < resistors.size(); i++) {

      total += resistors[i].resistance;

  }

  return total;

}

//Calculate current

bool Ohms::calcCurrent() {

  if (voltage <= 0 || resistors.size() == 0) {

      return false;

  }

  current = voltage / sumResist();

  return true;

}

//Calculate voltage across

bool Ohms::calcVoltageAcross() {

  if (voltage <= 0 || resistors.size() == 0) {

      return false;

  }

  double voltAcross = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < resistors.size(); i++) {

      voltAcross += resistors[i].voltage_across;

  }

  return true;

}

//Calculate power across

bool Ohms::calcPowerAcross() {

  if (voltage <= 0 || resistors.size() == 0) {

      return false;

  }

  double powerAcross = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < resistors.size(); i++) {

      powerAcross += resistors[i].power_across;

  }

  return true;

}

//Calculate total power

double Ohms::calcTotalPower() {

  calcCurrent();

  return voltage * current;

}

//Display total

void Ohms::displayTotal() {

  for (int i = 0; i < resistors.size(); i++) {

      cout << "ResistorName: " << resistors[i].name << ", Resistance: " << resistors[i].resistance

          << ", Voltage_Across: " << resistors[i].voltage_across << ", Power_Across: " << resistors[i].power_across << endl;

  }

}

//Series connect check

bool Ohms::seriesConnect(Ohms ohms) {

  if (ohms.getNode().size() == 0) {

      return false;

  }

  vector<node> temp = ohms.getNode();

  for (int i = 0; i < temp.size(); i++) {

      this->resistors.push_back(temp[i]);

  }

  return true;

}

//Series connect check

bool Ohms::seriesConnect(vector<Ohms>&ohms) {

  if (ohms.size() == 0) {

      return false;

  }

  for (int i = 0; i < ohms.size(); i++) {

      this->seriesConnect(ohms[i]);

  }

  return true;

}

//Overload operator

bool Ohms::operator<(Ohms ohms) {

  if (ohms.getNode().size() == 0) {

      return false;

  }

  if (this->sumResist() < ohms.sumResist()) {

      return true;

  }

  return false;

}

main.cpp

#include "resistor.h"

int main()

{

   //Set circuit voltage

  Ohms ckt1(100);

  //Loop to set resistors in circuit

  int i = 0;

  string name;

  double resistance;

  while (i < 3) {

      cout << "Enter resistor name: ";

      cin >> name;

      cout << "Enter resistance of circuit: ";

      cin >> resistance;

      //Set one resistance

      ckt1.setOneResistance(name, resistance);

      cin.ignore();

      i++;

  }

  //calculate totalpower and power consumption

  cout << "Total power consumption = " << ckt1.calcTotalPower() << endl;

  return 0;

}

Output

Enter resistor name: R1

Enter resistance of circuit: 2.5

Enter resistor name: R2

Enter resistance of circuit: 1.6

Enter resistor name: R3

Enter resistance of circuit: 1.2

Total power consumption = 1886.79

Explanation:

Note

Please add all member function details.Its difficult to figure out what each function meant to be.

8 0
3 years ago
Neon is compressed from 100 kPa and 20◦C to 500 kPa in an isothermal compressor. Determine the change in the specific volume and
PIT_PIT [208]

Answer:

The specific volume is reduced in 80 per cent due to isothermal compression.

Specific enthalpy remains constant.

Explanation:

Let suppose that neon behaves ideally, the equation of state for ideal gases is:

P\cdot V = n\cdot R_{u}\cdot T

Where:

P - Pressure, measured in kilopascals.

V - Volume, measured in cubic meters.

n - Molar quantity, measured in kilomoles,

T - Temperature, measured in kelvins.

R_{u} - Ideal gas constant, measured in \frac{kPa\cdot m^{3}}{kmol\cdot K}.

On the other hand, the molar quantity (n) and specific volume (\nu), measured in cubic meter per kilogram, are defined as:

n = \frac{m}{M} and \nu = \frac{V}{m}

Where:

m - Mass of neon, measured in kilograms.

M - Molar mass of neon, measured in kilograms per kilomoles.

After replacing in the equation of state, the resulting expression is therefore simplified in term of specific volume:

P\cdot V = \frac{m}{M}\cdot R_{u}\cdot T

P\cdot \nu = \frac{R_{u}\cdot T}{M}

Since the neon is compressed isothermally, the following relation is constructed herein:

P_{1}\cdot \nu_{1} = P_{2}\cdot \nu_{2}

Where:

P_{1}, P_{2} - Initial and final pressure, measured in kilopascals.

\nu_{1}, \nu_{2} - Initial and final specific volume, measured in cubic meters per kilogram.

The change in specific volume is given by the following expression:

\frac{\nu_{2}}{\nu_{1}} = \frac{P_{1}}{P_{2}}

Given that P_{1} = 100\,kPa and P_{2} = 500\,kPa, the change in specific volume is:

\frac{\nu_{2}}{\nu_{1}} = \frac{100\,kPa}{500\,kPa}

\frac{\nu_{2}}{\nu_{1}} = \frac{1}{5}

The specific volume is reduced in 80 per cent due to isothermal compression.

Under the ideal gas supposition, specific enthalpy is only function of temperature, as neon experiments an isothermal process, temperature remains constant and, hence, there is no change in specific enthalpy.

Specific enthalpy remains constant.

8 0
3 years ago
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