Answer:
What type of soil filters water best?
Explanation:
dependent variable - the cleanliness of the water after it is filtered
independent variable - soil
control variable - water
(Asking with a <em>please </em>wouldn't hurt -_-)
Answer:
The atmosphere refers to the gaseous envelope of earth, comprised of variable gases with definite proportions. The layers of the earth's atmosphere are as follows-
- Troposphere- This layer starts from the ground and extends up to a height of about 10 km. Here, the temperature decreases with the increasing altitude. All the weather phenomenon takes place in this layer.
- Stratosphere- It starts from 10 km and extends up to a height of about 50 km. Here the temperature increases as the altitude increase. This is because of the presence of the ozone layer that receives the harmful UV radiation emitted from the sun.
- Mesosphere- This layer extends from a height of about 50 km to about 80 km above the earth's surface. Here, again the temperature decreases with the increasing altitude.
- Thermosphere- This layer starts from a height of about 80 km and extends up to about 500 km above the ground surface. In this region again the temperature increases with the increasing elevation.
- Exosphere- This layer ranges from about 500 km to 10,000 km above the earth's surface. Here, the temperature gradually increases with the increasing height.
This variation in temperature occurs because of the certain reason. In the troposphere and the mesosphere, the temperature decreases with height because the pressure and height are inversely proportional to each other. The stratosphere experiences increasing temperature because of the presence of the ozone layer that is responsible for holding the greenhouse gases and the harmful UV radiation. The thermosphere and the exosphere experience high temperatures because of the receiving of the direct sunlight. Due to these above reason, there occurs this temperature change in a unique pattern.
Answer:1. The instantaneous rate is the rate of a reaction at any particular point in time, a period of time that is so short that the concentrations of reactants and products change by a negligible amount. The initial rate is the instantaneous rate of reaction as it starts (as product just begins to form).
Explanation:
average rate
rate of a chemical reaction computed as the ratio of a measured change in amount or concentration of substance to the time interval over which the change occurred
initial rate
instantaneous rate of a chemical reaction at t = 0 s (immediately after the reaction has begun)
instantaneous rate
rate of a chemical reaction at any instant in time, determined by the slope of the line tangential to a graph of concentration as a function of time
rate of reaction
measure of the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place
rate expression
mathematical representation relating reaction rate to changes in amount, concentration, or pressure of reactant or product species per unit time
Solutions
Answers to Chemistry End of Chapter Exercises
1. The instantaneous rate is the rate of a reaction at any particular point in time, a period of time that is so short that the concentrations of reactants and products change by a negligible amount. The initial rate is the instantaneous rate of reaction as it starts (as product just begins to form). Average rate is the average of the instantaneous rates over a time period.
3.
rate
=
+
1
2
Δ
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CIF
3
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Δ
t
=
−
Δ
[
Cl
2
]
Δ
t
=
−
1
3
Δ
[
F
2
]
Δ
t
5. (a) average rate, 0 − 10 s = 0.0375 mol L−1 s−1; average rate, 12 − 18 s = 0.0225 mol L−1 s−1; (b) instantaneous rate, 15 s = 0.0500 mol L−1 s−1; (c) average rate for B formation = 0.0188 mol L−1 s−1; instantaneous rate for B formation = 0.0250 mol L−1 s−1
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Next: 12.2 Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
Answer
Noble Gases
Explanation: It is noble gases On the Website Ptable it will show you all the facts you need to know about each element
Answer:
![T_{2}=16,97^{\circ}C](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=T_%7B2%7D%3D16%2C97%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC)
Explanation:
The specific heats of water and steel are
![Cp_{w}=4.186 \frac{KJ}{Kg^{\circ}C}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Cp_%7Bw%7D%3D4.186%20%5Cfrac%7BKJ%7D%7BKg%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%7D)
![Cp_{s}=0.49 \frac{KJ}{Kg^{\circ}C}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Cp_%7Bs%7D%3D0.49%20%5Cfrac%7BKJ%7D%7BKg%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%7D)
Assuming that the water and steel are into an <em>adiabatic calorimeter</em> (there's no heat transferred to the enviroment), the temperature of both is identical when the system gets to the equilibrium
An energy balance can be written as
Replacing
![1.28Kg\times 4.186\frac{KJ}{Kg^{\circ}C}\times (T_{2}-10^{\circ}C)= -0.385Kg\times 0.49 \frac{KJ}{Kg^{\circ}C} \times (T_{2}-215^{\circ}C)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%201.28Kg%5Ctimes%204.186%5Cfrac%7BKJ%7D%7BKg%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%7D%5Ctimes%20%28T_%7B2%7D-10%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%29%3D%20-0.385Kg%5Ctimes%200.49%20%5Cfrac%7BKJ%7D%7BKg%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%7D%20%5Ctimes%20%28T_%7B2%7D-215%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC%29)
Then, the temperature ![T_{2}=16,97^{\circ}C](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=T_%7B2%7D%3D16%2C97%5E%7B%5Ccirc%7DC)