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Tanya [424]
3 years ago
12

Using kinetic molecular theory and collision theory, explain why the absolute temperature scale (kelvins) is more appropriate th

an celsius for explaining the effect of temperature on reaction rate
Physics
2 answers:
Nezavi [6.7K]3 years ago
5 0
According  to   kinetic   molecular  theory  temperature  is  a  measure  of  kinetic  energy.There  is  absolute  minimum  temperature  which  occurs  when  something  completely  stop  moving   whereby  temperature  cannot  become  lower   than   this  point. The   absolute  zero  which  has  been  extrapolated  to  exist  at  about  -273  celsius  while  in   kelvin  scale  is  set  such  that  absolute  zero  is 0  k  thus  kelvin   is  better   inorder  to  avoid  negative  number  when  calculating. 
Elanso [62]3 years ago
3 0
<h2><u>Answer:</u></h2>

The kinetic theory of gases states that <em>the total average energy of the movement (translation) of a molecule is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas</em>. Then, as the temperature increases, the number of collisions increases, since the higher the temperature, the greater the number of collisions.

Therefore, the reaction rate will increase as the temperature increases.

In other words :

If a reaction suffers an increase in temperature or concentration, it will generate an increase in the number of effective collisions.

In this context, a change in temperature in the Kelvin scale is <u>directly related</u> to kinetic energy of the molecules, hence the 0 degrees Kelvin represents zero kinetic energy; while the Celsius scale is <u>indirectly related</u> kinetic energy, it is based on the range between freezing and boiling water temperatures in 100 equal parts, this means the zero degrees Celsius is based on the change in temperature in water and is not the absolute zero.


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How to find i1, i2,i3
MrRissso [65]

to find i1, i2, and i3 we need to find the total current.

to find the total current, you need to find the total resistance

you're already given the total voltage, Vs

to find Rtotal, start from the resistors furthest from the voltage source.

R3 and R4 are in series so

Rtotal= R3+R4 = 6+3 = 9 ohms

9 ohms is now in parallel with R2 so,

Rtotal= (\frac{1}{R3+R4}) ^{-1}\\ + (\frac{1}{R2}) ^{-1})^-1= (1/18)^-1 +( 1/9)^-1 = 6 ohms

6 ohms is in series with R1 so

Rtotal=  4+6=10 ohms

itotal= (\frac{Vtotal}{Rtotal})

= 120 v/10 ohms = 12 A

i total = i1 because all the current flows through it

i1= 12A

so the current splits into i2 and i3 and the amount of current that flows through a branch depends on the total resistance in each branch.

we already calculated the resistance in the R3+R4 & R2 branch as 6 ohms

since r3 and r4 are in series, the same current will flow through them

r3+r4 = 9 ohms

r2= 18 ohms

so the current in r2 will be half that of R3 & R4 (V=IR)

using the current divider rule

Ix = Itotal * \frac{Rtotal}{Rx}

i2= 12A x (6 ohms/18 ohms)= 4 A

i3= 12A x (6 ohms/9 ohms) = 8 ohms

6 0
3 years ago
Cuanto cambia la entropía de 0.50 kg de vapor de mercurio [Lv: 2.7 x 10⁵ j/kg ] al calentarse en su punto de ebullición de 357°
lord [1]

Answer:

La entropía del vapor de mercurio cambia en 214.235 joules por Kelvin.

Explanation:

Por definición de entropía (S), medida en joules por Kelvin, tenemos la siguiente expresión:

dS = \frac{\delta Q}{T} (1)

Donde:

Q - Ganancia de calor, en joules.

T - Temperatura del sistema, en Kelvin.

Ampliamos (1) por la definición de calor latente:

dS = \frac{L_{v}}{T}\cdot dm (1b)

Donde:

m - Masa del sistema, en kilogramos.

L_{v} - Calor latente de vaporización, en joules

Puesto que no existe cambio en la temperatura durante el proceso de vaporización, transformamos la expresión diferencial en expresión de diferencia, es decir:

\Delta S = \frac{\Delta m \cdot L_{v}}{T}

Como vemos, el cambio de la entropía asociada al cambio de fase del mercurio es directamente proporcional a la masa del sistema. Si tenemos que m = 0.50\,kg,L_{v} = 2.7\times 10^{5}\,\frac{J}{kg} and T = 630.15\,K, entonces el cambio de entropía es:

\Delta S = \frac{(0.50\,kg)\cdot \left(2.7\times 10^{5}\,\frac{J}{kg} \right)}{630.15\,K}

\Delta S = 214.235 \,\frac{J}{K}

La entropía del vapor de mercurio cambia en 214.235 joules por Kelvin.

3 0
3 years ago
Explain the relationship between the current output of the power supply and the current through each component in the parallel c
baherus [9]

Explanation:

Current output at the battery will be current of entire circuit, while the current through each bulb in the parallel circuit is the total current circuit.

So, current output through power supply is i and current through each component be i_1, i_2 , i_3 considering only three component.

Then in a parallel circuit

i = i_1+i_2+i_3

4 0
2 years ago
A diver makes 1.0 revolutions on the way from a 9.2-m-high platform to the water. Assuming zero initial vertical velocity, find
____ [38]

Answer:

Average angular velocity ≈ 4.59 rad/s

Explanation:

Using the equation of motion,

H = ut + (1/2)t² ............................ equation 1.

Where H= height, u = initial velocity(m/s), g = acceleration due to gravity(m/s²), t = time(s)  u= 0 ∴ ut =0

H =(1/2)gt².................................... equation 2.

making t² the subject of the relation in equation 2,

∴ t² = 2H/g

Where H = 9.2 m, g= 9.8 m/s

∴ t² = ( 2×9.2)/9.8

t = √(2 × 9.2/9.8) = √(18.4/9.8)

 t = 1.37 s.

The average angular velocity = θ/t

Where θ = is the number of revolution that the diver makes, t  = time

           θ = 1 rev.

Since 1 rev = 2π (rad)

           t = 1.37 s

 Average angular velocity = 2π/t

π = 3.143

 Average angular velocity = (2×3.143)/1.37 = 6.286/1.37

   Average angular velocity ≈ 4.59 rad/s

8 0
3 years ago
What is a likely consequence of continued human population growth ​
quester [9]

Answer:

Rapid human population growth has a number of consequences. Population grows fastest in the world's poorest countries. High fertility rates have historically had a strong relation with poverty, and high childhood mortality rates

Explanation:

i got it from goo.gle but i hope that helps:)

have a good day bro

7 0
3 years ago
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