Question

Choose the options below that are true for the entropy of a substance. Select all that apply: Heavier atoms possess greater entropy at a given temperature than lighter atoms. The weight of an atom has no effect on entropy. Molecules with greater numbers of atoms are associated with lower entropy. The entropy of a substance is influenced by the structure of the particles that comprise the substance.

Answer 1

Answer:

The true statements are statements 1 and 4.

Explanation:

1. Heavier atoms possess greater entropy at a given temperature than lighter atoms- True.

Concerning atomic substances, heavier atoms possess greater entropy at a given temperature than lighter atoms, which is a result of the relation between a particle's mass and the spacing of quantized translational energy levels.

2. The weight of an atom has no effect on entropy - False.

The entropy of a substance increases with its molecular weight, complexity, and with temperature.

3. Molecules with greater numbers of atoms are associated with lower entropy - False.

Any chemical reaction that increases the number of molecules also increases entropy as a chemical reaction that increases the number of molecules would be a reaction that pours energy into a system.

4. The entropy of a substance is influenced by the structure of the particles that comprise the substance - True.

The structure of the particles (atoms or molecules) in a substance influences its entropy.

For molecules, greater numbers of atoms (regardless of their masses) increase how the molecules can vibrate and thus the number of possible microstates and the system entropy.