Question

Areas near oceans or large lakes tend to have more moderate climates than do areas far from large bodies of water. Which of these statements best explains this observation?
Hydrogen and oxygen atoms share electrons in a water molecule.
Lakes and oceans contain dissolved solids.
Water has a very high specific heat.
Water produces buoyant forces.

Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

A scientist discovers a new substance. The molecules of the substance form hydrogen bonds with each other. When the molecules lose a lot of energy, the hydrogen bonds hold them relatively far apart. Based on this information, what can the scientist infer about the substance?

It expands when it freezes.
It is highly colored.
It exists only as a gas.
It does not dissolve ionic compounds.

Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

Which of the following properties of water is due primarily to the uneven distribution of charge between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms?

its color
its taste
its ability to dissolve ionic substances
its ability to produce buoyant forces

Question 4(Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)

A drop of water placed on a smooth, dry surface will form a dome-shaped droplet instead of flowing outward in different directions. Which of these best explains this observation?

The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms are very strong.
The electrons in the atoms attract the electrons in the other atoms.
Water molecules at the surface experience fewer hydrogen bonds than water molecules within the liquid.
Water molecules near the surface produce more buoyant force than water molecules within the liquid.

Answer 1

Areas near oceans or large lakes tend to have more moderate climates than do areas far from large bodies of water. Which of these statements best explains this observation?

~ Water has a very high specific heat.

A scientist discovers a new substance. The molecules of the substance form hydrogen bonds with each other. When the molecules lose a lot of energy, the hydrogen bonds hold them relatively far apart. Based on this information, what can the scientist infer about the substance?

~ It expands when it freezes.

Which of the following properties of water is due primarily to the uneven distribution of charge between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms?

~ its ability to dissolve ionic substances

A drop of water placed on a smooth, dry surface will form a dome-shaped droplet instead of flowing outward in different directions. Which of these best explains this observation?

~ The electrons in the atoms attract the electrons in the other atoms.

Answer 2

Answer:

1) Water has very high specific heat.

2) It expands when it freezes

3) ability to dissolve in ionic substances

4) Water molecules at the surface experience fewer hydrogen bonds than water molecules within the liquid.

Explanation:

1) Water molecules due to their high specific heat , undergo relatively less increase in temperature after absorbing heat. So they prevent their adjoining area to experience sharp increase in temperature.

2) Water is an example which expands on freezing. In it , large spaces are left between molecules when it cools. It happens because hydrogen bonds prevent any two molecules to come very close thereby  creating gaps. This gap is filled up when ice melts , which results in overall reduction in volume of water.

3) Uneven distribution of charge results in water molecules becoming polar in nature . A polar substance  can be dissolved in polar solvents only.

4) It is due to property of surface tension. Property  of surface tension results due to molecules of water near the surface experiencing a  net downward  force due to hydrogen bonds . It is due to fewer hydrogen bonds made by them.