Question

What salt is produced in each of the following neutralization reactions?

Answer 1

1. Salt is KNO₃

This is a strong acid - strong base reaction. HNO₃ is the strong acid and KOH is the strong base. 

H⁺ in the HNO₃ and OH⁻ of the KOH pair up and make H₂O(l). 

NO₃⁻ and K⁺ pair up to make KNO₃ salt. 

When writing chemical formulas positive ion comes first and second is negative ion. The charges should be switched. Since positive ion has +1 and negative ion has -1 after the switching off charges the product should be KNO₃.

Balance equation is 
HNO₃(aq) + KOH(aq) → H₂O(l) + KNO₃(aq)

2. Salt is Ca(NO₃)₂

This is a strong acid - strong base reaction. HNO₃ is the strong acid and Ca(OH)₂ is the strong base. 

H⁺ in the HNO₃ and OH⁻ of the Ca(OH)₂ pair up and make H₂O(l). 

Ca²⁺ and NO₃⁻  pair up to make Ca(NO₃)₂ salt. 

Positive ion is Ca²⁺ which has +2 charge and negative ion is NO₃⁻ which has -1 charge. From switching the charges Ca²⁺ gets 1 while NO₃⁻ gets 2. Hence, the salt should be Ca(NO₃)₂.

Balanced equation is 
2HNO₃(aq) + Ca(OH)₂(aq) → 2H₂O(l) + Ca(NO₃)₂(aq)

3. Salt is CaCl₂

This is a strong acid - strong base reaction. HCl is the strong acid and Ca(OH)₂ is the strong base. 

H⁺ in the HCl and OH⁻ of the Ca(OH)₂ pair up and make H₂O(l). 

Ca²⁺ and Cl⁻ pair up to make CaCl₂ salt. 

Positive ion is Ca²⁺ which has +2 charge and negative ion is Cl⁻ which has -1 charge. By switching the charges Ca²⁺ gets 1 while NO₃⁻ gets 2. Hence, the salt should be CaCl₂.

Balance equation is 
2HCl(aq) + Ca(OH)₂(aq) → 2H₂O(l) + CaCl₂(aq)

4. Salt is KCl

This is a strong acid - strong base reaction. HCl is the strong acid and KOH is the strong base. 

H⁺ in the HCl and OH⁻ of the KOH pair up and make H₂O(l). 

K⁺ and Cl⁻ pair up to make KCl salt. 

Positive ion is K⁺ which has +1 charge and negative ion is Cl⁻ which has -1 charge. By switching the charges K⁺ gets 1 and Cl⁻ also gets 1. Hence, the salt should be KCl.

Balance equation is 
HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) → H₂O(l) + KCl(aq)

Answer 2

The salts produced in the given neutralization reactions are $\boxed{\text{KNO}_{3},\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2},\text{CaCl}_{2},\text{KCl}}$.

Further Explanation:

Neutralization reaction:

It is the reaction that occurs between an acid and a base in order to form salt and water. It is named so as it neutralizes the excess amount of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present in the solution. It is used to decrease the acidity in the stomach, wastewater treatment, antacid tablets and to control the pH of soil. An example of neutralization reaction is,

$\text{HCl}+\text{NaOH}\rightarrow\text{NaCl}+\text{H}_{2}\text{O}$

(A) $\textbf{HNO}_{3}$ is a strong acid while KOH is a strong base.

The dissociation of $\text{HNO}_{3}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{HNO}_{3}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$

The dissociation of KOH occurs as follows:

$\text{KOH}\rightarrow\text{K}^{+}+\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by $\text{HNO}_{3}$ combines with $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of KOH and water is formed. So $\text{K}^{+}$ and $\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt  $\text{KNO}_{3}$.

(B) $\textbf{HNO}_{3}$ is a strong acid while $\textbf{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ is a strong base.

The dissociation of $\text{HNO}_{3}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{HNO}_{3}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$

The dissociation of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}\rightarrow\text{Ca}^{2+}+2\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by $\text{HNO}_{3}$ combines with two $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ and two moles of water are formed. So $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ and $\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2}$.

The complete reaction is as follows:

$\text{HNO}_{2}(aq)+\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}(aq)\rightarrow\text{H}_{2}\text{O}(l)+\text{Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2}(aq)$

(C) HCl is a strong acid while $\textbf{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ is a strong base.

The dissociation of HCl occurs as follows:

$\text{HCl}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{Cl}^{-}$

The dissociation of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ occurs as follows:

$\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}\rightarrow\text{Ca}^{2+}+2\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by HCl combine with $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of $\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}$ and water is formed. So $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{CaCl}_{2}$.

The complete reaction is as follows:

$2\text{HCl}(aq)+\text{Ca(OH)}_{2}(aq)\rightarrow2\text{H}_{2}\text{O}(l)+\text{CaCl}_{2}(aq)$

(D) HCl is a strong acid while KOH is a strong base.

The dissociation of HCl occurs as follows:

$\text{HCl}\rightarrow\text{H}^{+}+\text{Cl}^{-}$

The dissociation of KOH occurs as follows:

$\text{KOH}\rightarrow\text{K}^{+}+\text{OH}^{-}$

The $\text{H}^{+}$ ions released by HCl combines with $\text{OH}^{-}$ ions of KOH and water is formed. So $\text{K}^{+}$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}$ combine with each other and form salt $\text{KCl}$.

The complete reaction is as follows:

$\text{HCl}(aq)+\text{KOH}(aq)\rightarrow\text{H}_{2}\text{O}(l)+\text{KCl}(aq)$

So salts formed in all the reactions are $\textbf{KNO}_{3},\textbf{ Ca(NO}_{3}\text{)}_{2},\textbf{ CaCl}_{2}\text{ and }\textbf{KCl}$ respectively.

Learn more:

1. Balanced chemical equation brainly.com/question/1405182

2. Oxidation and reduction reaction brainly.com/question/2973661

Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Chemical reaction and equation

Keywords: neutralization reaction, salt, HCl, KCl, H2O, KOH, Ca(OH)2, HNO3, Ca(NO)32, KCl, KNO3, acid, base.