Answer:
You should not sell unprescribed medication to people is illegal because they could be considered drugs. It is unsafe because they do not need it, or if they did they could have their doctor prescribe it to them and they you would not need to sell it to them.
Answer:
The Maria's description of her fear is a common case of a Phobia.
Explanation:
The baseball caps are making Maria to experience some symptoms that can be diagnosed as a phobia. She is suffering from emotional distress when she is near a person wearing a baseball cap and this stress is affecting her personal life.
Answer:
b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.
Explanation:
Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual. This occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.
In tobacco, nicotine is the main component triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain, nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors. This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.
The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.
According to the relationship between force and acceleration, described in Newton's 2nd law of motion, increasing the force of the object would also increase the objects acceleration in the same direction to which the force is applied. It essentially starts to move even faster, than it had been before. Since the object is accelerating it changing its speed at an even faster rate.
Pelvic inflammtory disease.
Hope this helps
