Answer:
Identifying whether or not an element is an ion is a very simple process. Identify the charge of the element. ... The number of electrons is equal to the atomic number minus the charge of the atom. Refer to an element with either a positive or negative charge as an ion.
It would 47.7 because you would have to both minus the number together.
Answer:
concave lens
Explanation:
it's concave lens because it diverges the ray/beam of light.
Answer:
vigorous
Explanation:
As you go down group one of the periodic table, the reactions become and more vigorous.
Answer:
A reaction is non-spontaneous at any temperature when the Gibbs free energy > 0.
Explanation:
There is a state function, that determines if a reaction is sponaneous or non spontaneous:
ΔG = Gibbs free energy
A reaction is non spontaneous when it does require energy to produce that reaction. It will be spontaneous, when the reaction does not require energy to be occured.
The formula is: ΔG = ΔH - T.ΔS
ΔH → Enthalpy → Energy gained or realeased as heat.
ΔH < 0 → <em>Exothermic reaction. Spontaneity is favored
</em>
T → Temperature
ΔS → Entropy → Degree of disorder of a system.
When the system has a considered disorder ΔS > 0, disorder increases.
When the system is more ordered, ΔS < 0, disorder decreases.
The reaction will be non spontaneous if, the enthalpy is positive (endothermic reaction) and the ΔS < 0 (disorder decreases). It will not occur if we do not give energy.
ΔG < 0 → Spontaneous reaction
ΔG > 0 → Non spontaneous reaction
ΔG = 0 → System in equilibrium
